设计原则 之 开闭原则

开闭原则：
1、开： 对扩展进行开放
2、闭： 对修改进行关闭

// 普通实现
class Calculator {
public:
	int getResult(string oper)
	{
		if (oper == "+") {
			return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "-") {
			return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "*") {
			return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
		}
		//如果要提供新的运算，就需要修改这段源码，不符合 “开闭原则”
	}
public:
	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;
};

void test01()
{
	//普通实现代码测试
	Calculator c;
	c.m_Num1 = 10;
	c.m_Num2 = 10;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << " + " << c.m_Num2 << " = " << c.getResult("+") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << " - " << c.m_Num2 << " = " << c.getResult("-") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << " * " << c.m_Num2 << " = " << c.getResult("*") << endl;
}



//多态实现
//抽象计算器父类
class AbstractCalculator
{
public :

	virtual int getResult()
	{
		return 0;
	}

	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;
};



//实现加法计算器子类
class AddCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
	}
};

//实现减法计算器子类
class SubCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
	}
};

//实现乘法计算器子类
class MulCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
	}
};


// 多态优点：代码组织结构清晰，可读性强；利于前期和后期的扩展以及维护
// 如果后期需要增加其他的运算功能比如开方、异或等，就可以直接扩展实现对应的子类
// 而不需要去修改原来的代码
// 因此多态实现方法，符合 “开闭原则”

void test02()
{
	//创建加法计算器
	AbstractCalculator *abc = new AddCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 10;
	abc->m_Num2 = 10;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << " + " << abc->m_Num2 << " = " << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;  //用完了记得销毁

	//创建减法计算器
	abc = new SubCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 10;
	abc->m_Num2 = 10;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << " - " << abc->m_Num2 << " = " << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;  

	//创建乘法计算器
	abc = new MulCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 10;
	abc->m_Num2 = 10;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << " * " << abc->m_Num2 << " = " << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;
}

int main() {

	//test01();
	test02();
	return 0;
}