基于otsu阈值算法——多阈值

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-07 18:54:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-07 18:54:18 发布

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文章标签：算法 python 图像处理

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45080063/article/details/125425917

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Otsu算法双阈值图像分割概率计算灰度直方图

关键词由CSDN通过智能技术生成

Otsu双阈值算法的思想与单阈值的思想类似，单阈值的思想为：

g = w0(u0-u)^2+w1(u1-u)^2

使得g最大。

Otsu双阈值的思想则为：

g = w0(u0-u)^2+w1(u1-u)^2+w2(u2-u)^2

使得g最大。

u0为背景区域的平均值，u1为中间区域的平均值，u2为前景区域的平均值。

w0为背景区域的概率，w1为中间区域的概率，w2为前景区域的概率。
import numpy as np
import math
import cv2 as cv

def calc_gray_hist(image):
    number=0
    rows,cols=image.shape
    gray_hist=np.zeros([256],dtype=np.uint64)
    for i in range(rows):
        for j in range(cols):
            gray_hist[image[i,j]]+=1
    gray_hist=gray_hist/(rows*cols)
    return gray_hist

def otsu_thresh(image):
    N_front=0
    N_middle = 0
    N_back = 0
    gray_norm_hist=calc_gray_hist(image)
    p1 = np.zeros([256], dtype=np.float64)
    p2 = np.zeros([256], dtype=np.float64)
    k=0
    m1=0
    m2=0
    m3=0
    sum_N_front = 0
    sum_N_middle = 0
    sum_N_back = 0
    tempg=0
    threshold1=0
    threshold2=0
    for i in range(254):
        N_front+=gray_norm_hist[i]
        for j in range(i,256,1):
           for k in range(i):
               sum_N_front+=N_front*k
           if N_front!=0:
             m1=sum_N_front/N_front
           for k1 in range(i,j,1):
               N_middle += gray_norm_hist[k1]
               sum_N_middle+=N_middle*k1
           if N_middle != 0:
                m2=sum_N_middle/N_middle
           for k2 in range(j,255,1):
               N_back += gray_norm_hist[k2]
               sum_N_back += N_back * k2
           if   N_back!= 0:
                m3= sum_N_back / N_back
           mG=N_front*m1+N_middle*m2+N_back*m3
           g = N_front * math.pow(m1 - mG, 2) + N_middle * math.pow(m2 - mG, 2) + N_back * math.pow(m3 - mG, 2)
           if tempg<g:
               tempg=g
               threshold1=i
               threshold2=j
           sum_N_front=0
           sum_N_middle=0
           sum_N_back=0
           N_middle=0
           N_back=0
    return threshold1,threshold2

if __name__=='__main__':
    img=cv.imread('../data/house.png',0)
    threshold1,threshold2=otsu_thresh(img)
    print(threshold1,threshold2)
    rows, cols = img.shape
    for i in range(rows):
       for j in range(cols):
           if img[i,j]<threshold1:
               img[i, j]=0
           elif img[i, j]>=threshold2:
                img[i, j] = 255
           else:
               img[i, j] = 100
    cv.imwrite('img.png',img)
    cv.imshow('img',img)
    cv.waitKey()
    cv.destroyAllWindows()