[2017NIPS]Learning Efficient Object Detection Models with Knowledge Distillation 论文笔记

Method

将知识蒸馏用在检测方向最大的问题就是前景和背景的类别不均衡问题。

感觉就是很常规的思路,蒸特征+蒸输出,具体是在Faster-RCNN上做。其中蒸特征是使用的FitNet的方法在backbone做,在RPN和分类回归网络(RCN)部分蒸输出,两个部分都同时做分类和回归蒸馏。分类是做了一个weighted交叉熵,回归是做了一个bounded回归损失(即如果学生回归的比老师好,那就没有损失),再加上GT的损失,构成一个整体。

整体损失如下。同时在RCN和RPN做回归和分类损失是因为Faster-RCNN同时在RCN和RPN都做了回归和分类操作:
总损失

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Training deep models for lane detection is challenging due to the very subtle and sparse supervisory signals in- herent in lane annotations. Without learning from much richer context, these models often fail in challenging sce- narios, e.g., severe occlusion, ambiguous lanes, and poor lighting conditions. In this paper, we present a novel knowl- edge distillation approach, i.e., Self Attention Distillation (SAD), which allows a model to learn from itself and gains substantial improvement without any additional supervision or labels. Specifically, we observe that attention maps ex- tracted from a model trained to a reasonable level would encode rich contextual information. The valuable contex- tual information can be used as a form of ‘free’ supervision for further representation learning through performing top- down and layer-wise attention distillation within the net- work itself. SAD can be easily incorporated in any feed- forward convolutional neural networks (CNN) and does not increase the inference time. We validate SAD on three pop- ular lane detection benchmarks (TuSimple, CULane and BDD100K) using lightweight models such as ENet, ResNet- 18 and ResNet-34. The lightest model, ENet-SAD, per- forms comparatively or even surpasses existing algorithms. Notably, ENet-SAD has 20 × fewer parameters and runs 10 × faster compared to the state-of-the-art SCNN [16], while still achieving compelling performance in all bench- marks. Our code is available at https://github. com/cardwing/Codes-for-Lane-Detection.

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