51单片机——独立按键和矩阵按键
独立键盘原理图示
原理:按键一端与IO口连接,另外一端接地。通过控制IO口输出高电平即可检测
按键是否按下,当按下时IO口会被拉低,松开后IO口回到高电平。
独立按键S2接口为:P3^0=0;//代表按下,反之为高电平1则为没有按下(s3,s4接口以此类推)
注:
定义:sbit key_s2=P3^0;//独立按键s2;
按键必须消抖。
while(!key_s2);
//独立按键S2代码
#include <reg52.h>
sbit key_s2=P3^0;
sbit we=P2^7;
sbit du=P2^6;
//数码管段选表
unsigned char code a[ ]={
0x3F, //"0"
0x06, //"1"
0x5B, //"2"
0x4F, //"3"
0x66, //"4"
0x6D, //"5"
0x7D, //"6"
0x07, //"7"
0x7F, //"8"
0x6F, //"9"
0x77, //"A"
0x7C, //"B"
0x39, //"C"
0x5E, //"D"
0x79, //"E"
0x71, //"F"
0x76, //"H"
0x38, //"L"
0x37, //"n"
0x3E, //"u"
0x73, //"P"
0x5C, //"o"
0x40, //"-"
0x00, //熄灭
0x00 //自定义
};
void delay(unsigned int z)
{
unsigned int x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x–)
for(y=114;y>0;y–);
}
void main()
{ unsigned char num;
we=1;
P0=0xfe;
we=0;
while(1)
{
du=1;
P0=a[num];
du=0;
if(key_s20)
{ delay(20);//按键消抖
if(key_s20)
{
num++;
}
while(!key_s2);
}
if(num==21)
{
num=0;
}
}
}
矩阵键盘原理图示
矩阵按键:
行为低八位;列为高八位;
列扫描:将行都置为低电平;一列有一个被按下,就都是低电平;
行扫描:将列都置为低电平;
//独立按键和矩阵按键一起
#include <reg52.h>
unsigned int KeyValue;
sbit we=P2^7;
sbit du=P2^6;
//数码管段选表
unsigned char code a[]={
0x3F, //"0"
0x06, //"1"
0x5B, //"2"
0x4F, //"3"
0x66, //"4"
0x6D, //"5"
0x7D, //"6"
0x07, //"7"
0x7F, //"8"
0x6F, //"9"
0x77, //"A"
0x7C, //"B"
0x39, //"C"
0x5E, //"D"
0x79, //"E"
0x71, //"F"
0x76, //"H"
0x38, //"L"
0x37, //"n"
0x3E, //"u"
0x73, //"P"
0x5C, //"o"
0x40, //"-"
0x00, //熄灭
0x00 //自定义
};
void delay(unsigned int z)
{
unsigned int x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x–)
for(y=114;y>0;y–);
}
void KeyScan() //带返回值的子函数
{
P3 = 0xf0;//判断哪一列被按下
if(P3 != 0xf0)
{
delay(20);//软件消抖
if( P3 != 0xf0)
{
switch(P3)
{
case 0xe0: KeyValue = 0; break;
case 0xd0: KeyValue = 1; break;
case 0xb0: KeyValue = 2; break;
case 0x70: KeyValue = 3; break;
}
P3 = 0x0f;//判断哪一行被按下
switch(P3)
{
case 0x0e: KeyValue = KeyValue; break;
case 0x0d: KeyValue += 4; break;
case 0x0b: KeyValue += 8; break;
case 0x07: KeyValue += 12; break;
}
while(P3 != 0x0f);//松手检测
}
}
P3 = 0xff;//判断独立按键
if(P3 != 0xff)
{
delay(5);//软件消抖
if( P3 != 0xff)
{
switch(P3)
{
case 0xfe: KeyValue = 16; break;
case 0xfd: KeyValue = 17; break;
case 0xfb: KeyValue = 18; break;
case 0xf7: KeyValue = 19; break;
}
while(P3 != 0xff);//松手检测
}
}
}
void main()
{
we = 1;//打开位选
P0 = 0xfe;//八位数码管全显示
we = 0;//锁存位选
du = 1;//打开段选端
P0 = 0;
while(1)
{
KeyScan();
P0 = a[KeyValue];
}
}