游戏开发中的简易数据存储

游戏开发中一定会涉及到游戏数据存储的问题

下面展示我在学习游戏数据存储时自己边学边写的代码。

Save类

[System.Serializable]
public class Save 
{
	public double distance = 0.0f;

	public int garde = 0;

	public string Name = "";

	public double speed = 0;

}

自己做的案例是一个移动记录数据的案例，要定义成单实例模式

要控制物体的移动

public class SphereController : MonoBehaviour
{

	//单实例模式
	//private static SphereController instance;

	//public static SphereController GetInstance()
	//{
	//	if (instance == null)
	//	{
	//		instance = new SphereController();
	//	}
	//	return instance;


	//}

	//private static SphereController instance;

	//public static SphereController Instance
	//{
	//	get
	//	{
	//		if (instance == null)
	//		{
	//			instance = new SphereController();
	//		}
	//		return instance;
	//	}
	//}

	public static SphereController Instance;
	//分数
	public int Grade;

	public double Speed;

	public string Name;



	public double Distance;


	public Text text;

	private void Awake()
	{
		Instance = this;
	}
	// Start is called before the first frame update
	void Start()
    {
		Grade = 0;
		Speed = 2f;
		Name = "球";
		Distance = 0f;
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
		//按下W键
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.W))
		{
			transform.position += new Vector3(0, 0, 1);
			Grade += 1;
			Distance += 1f;
		}
		if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.S))
		{
			transform.position += new Vector3(0, 0, -1);
			Grade += 1;
			Distance += 1f;
		}
		if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.A))
		{
			transform.position += new Vector3(-1, 0, 0);
			Grade += 1;
			Distance += 1f;
		}
		if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.D))
		{
			transform.position += new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
			Grade += 1;
			Distance += 1f;
		}
		text.text = "Name: "+Name+"\nSpeed: "+Speed+"\nGrade: "+Grade+"\nDistance: "+Distance;
    }

	internal void ShowMessage(string v)
	{
		Debug.Log(v);
	}
}

接下来就是存档和读档的方法

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using LitJson;
using System.Xml;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;

public class SaveAndRead : MonoBehaviour
{
	//创建Save对象并存储当前游戏状态信息
	private Save CreateSaveGO()
	{
		//新建Save对象
		Save save = new Save();

		save.Name = SphereController.Instance.Name;
		save.speed = SphereController.Instance.Speed;
		save.garde = SphereController.Instance.Grade;
		save.distance = SphereController.Instance.Distance;
		

		return save;
	}

	//通过读档信息重置我们的游戏状态
	private void SetGame(Save save)
	{
		SphereController.Instance.Name = save.Name;
		SphereController.Instance.Speed = save.speed;
		SphereController.Instance.Grade = save.garde;
		SphereController.Instance.Distance = save.distance;
	}

	//********************************二进制方法************************************************
	//存档
	public void SaveByBin()
	{
		// 序列化过程(将save对象转换为字节流)

		//创建save对象并保存当前游戏状态
		Save save = CreateSaveGO();
		//创建一个二进制格式化程序
		BinaryFormatter binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
		//创建一个文件流
		FileStream fileStream = File.Create(Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byBin.txt");

		//用二进制格式化程序的序列化方法来序列化Save对象，参数：创建的文件流和需要序列化的对象
		binaryFormatter.Serialize(fileStream, save);
		//关闭流
		fileStream.Close();

		//如果文件存在，则显示保存成功
		if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byBin.txt"))
		{
			SphereController.Instance.ShowMessage("保存成功");
		}
	}

	//读档
	public void LoadByBin()
	{
		if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byBin.txt"))
		{
			//反序列化过程
			//创建一个二进制格式化程序
			BinaryFormatter binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
			//打开一个文件流
			FileStream fileStream = File.Open(Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byBin.txt", FileMode.Open);

			//调用格式化程序的反序列化方法，将文件流转换为一个Save对象
			Save save = binaryFormatter.Deserialize(fileStream) as Save;

			

			SetGame(save);
			//关闭文件流
			fileStream.Close();
			SphereController.Instance.ShowMessage("读档成功");

		}
		else
		{
			SphereController.Instance.ShowMessage("存档文件不存在");
		}
	}




	//*****************************************XML**************************************
	//存档
	public void SaveByXml()
	{
		Save save = CreateSaveGO();

		//创建Xml文件的存储路径
		string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byXML.txt";
		//创建XML文档
		XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
		//创建根节点，即最上层节点
		XmlElement root = xmlDoc.CreateElement("save");
		//设置根节点中的值
		root.SetAttribute("name", "saveFile1");

		//创建XmlElement
		XmlElement Name = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Name");
		Name.InnerText = save.Name.ToString();
		root.AppendChild(Name);

		XmlElement Speed = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Speed");
		Speed.InnerText = save.speed.ToString();
		root.AppendChild(Speed);

		XmlElement Grade = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Grade");
		Grade.InnerText = save.garde.ToString();
		root.AppendChild(Grade);

		XmlElement Distance = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Distance");
		Distance.InnerText = save.distance.ToString();
		root.AppendChild(Distance);


		xmlDoc.AppendChild(root);
		xmlDoc.Save(filePath);

		if(File.Exists(Application.dataPath+"/StreamingFile"+"/buXML.txt"))
		{
			SphereController.Instance.ShowMessage("保存成功");
		}
	}

	//读档
	public void LoadByXml()
	{
		string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byXML.txt";
		if(File.Exists(filePath))
		{
			Save save = new Save();

			//加载XML文档
			XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
			xmlDoc.Load(filePath);


			//得到存储的数据
			XmlNodeList Name = xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("Name");
			string name = Name[0].InnerText;
			SphereController.Instance.Name = name;

			XmlNodeList Speed = xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("Speed");
			float speed =float.Parse(Speed[0].InnerText);
			SphereController.Instance.Speed = speed;

			XmlNodeList Grade = xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("Grade");
			int grade = int.Parse(Grade[0].InnerText);
			SphereController.Instance.Grade = grade;

			XmlNodeList Distance = xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("Distance");
			float distance = float.Parse(Distance[0].InnerText);
			SphereController.Instance.Distance = distance;

			SphereController.Instance.ShowMessage("读档成功");

		}
		else
		{
			SphereController.Instance.ShowMessage("存档文件不存在");
		}
	}


	//***********************************************JSON***********************************************
	//存档
	public void SaveByJson()
	{
		Save save = CreateSaveGO();

		string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byJson.txt";

		//利用JsonMapper将Save对象转换为Json格式的字符串

		string saveJsonStr = JsonMapper.ToJson(save);
		//将这个字符串写入到文件中
		//创建一个StreamWriter，并将字符串写入
		StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(filePath);
		sw.Write(saveJsonStr);
		//关闭写入流
		sw.Close();
		AssetDatabase.Refresh();
	}

	//读档
	public void LoadByJson()
	{
		string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingFile" + "/byJson.txt";
		//创建一个StreamReader，用来读取流
		StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(filePath);
		//将读取到的流赋值给saveJsonStr
		string saveJsonStr = sr.ReadToEnd();
		sr.Close();

		//将字符串转换为Save对象
		Save save = JsonMapper.ToObject<Save>(saveJsonStr);
		SetGame(save);
	}
}

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