蓝桥杯单片机LED（考点总结）

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前言

本文介绍一下蓝桥杯单片机LED考点,以总结的角度去讲解，对底层代码不做过多介绍，对底层有疑问可以看底层代码讲解文章或b站up柳离风视频。

一、LED控制代码

LED底层代码一共有两种，一种为状态控制版本，一种为直接赋值法，前者适合状态控制，可以实现每个灯互不影响，后者适合流水灯，PWM灯

//状态控制版本
void led(uchar * LED,uchar pos)
{
	static uchar temp=0xff;
	if(LED[pos])
		temp &= ~(0x01<<pos);
	else
		temp |= 0x01<<pos;		
	P0=temp;
	hc573(4);
}
	LED[0] = (col_flag == 0 && display_state1 == 0) ? 1 : 0;  
	LED[1] = (col_flag == 0 && display_state1 == 1) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[2] = (col_flag == 1) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[3] = (count_tri >0 && temp > temp_par) ? L4_state : 0;
	LED[4] = (count_tri >0 && (hum>90||hum<10)) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[5] = (count_tri >= 2) ? L6_state : 0;
	LED[6] = 0;
	LED[7] = 0;
//直接赋值法
void timer1()  interrupt 3
{

	 systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	if(++count_200ms == 200)
	{
	count_200ms = 0;
	P0 = 0xff << position;  //整体赋值
	hc573(4);
	if(++position == 9)		position = 0;
	}
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}

二、LED考点分析

1.流水灯

以第二届省赛为例

void timer1()  interrupt 3
{
	systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	if(++count_200ms == 200)
	{
	count_200ms = 0;
	P0 = 0xff << position;  //整体赋值
	hc573(4);
	if(mode)
	{
		if(++position == 9)		position = 0;
	}
	else 
	{
		if(position > 0)
			position--;
		else 
			position = 8;
	}
	}
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}

2.PWM流水灯

以第九届省赛为例

ledpwm调光的频率大概在100HZ左右，对应时间10ms，题目要求分四个PWM占空比，25%，50%，75%，100%，这样的话需要在2.5ms改变一次LED状态，有点不合理，所以我们将周期改为12ms,频率83HZ。
需要注意的是LED低电平点亮
下面以实现25%亮度为例

需要在0ms时点亮led，在3ms时熄灭led,加到12ms归零
代码如下（示例）：

uint count_ms;
uint mode_time;
void timer1()  interrupt 3
{
	systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	if(++count_ms == mode_time)  //控制移位
	{
		count_ms = 0;
		if(++position == 9)
			position = 0;
	}
	if(pwm_count == 0)		//等于0点亮LED
	{
		P0 = 0xff << position;  //整体赋值
		hc573(4);
	}
	else if(pwm_count == pwm_duty) //等于占空比时熄灭
	{
		P0 = 0xff;  //整体赋值
		hc573(4);
	}
	if(++pwm_count == 12)   //加到12归零
		pwm_count = 0;
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}

3.led闪烁（以x秒为间隔闪烁指的是亮和灭的时间间隔）

题目一

uint count_ms;
uint mode_time;
void timer1()  interrupt 3
{
    systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	if(++count_ms == mode_time)
	{
		count_ms = 0;
		L1_flag ^= 1;
	}
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}
	LED[0] = L1_flag;  
	LED[1] = 0;
	LED[2] = 0;
	LED[3] = 0;
	LED[4] = 0;;
	LED[5] = 0;
	LED[6] = 0;
	LED[7] = 0;

题目二

uint count_ms;
void timer1()  interrupt 3
{
    systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	if(++count_ms == 100)
	{
		count_ms = 0;
		L8_flag ^= 1;
	}
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}
	LED[0] = 0;  
	LED[1] = 0;
	LED[2] = 0;
	LED[3] = 0;
	LED[4] = 0;;
	LED[5] = 0;
	LED[6] = 0;
	LED[7] = (mode) ? L8_flag : 0;

4.led亮一定时间后熄灭

题目一

	LED[0] = (Time[1] == 0 && (Time[0] >=0 && Time[0] < 5)) ? 1 : 0;  
	LED[1] = 0;
	LED[2] = 0;
	LED[3] = 0;
	LED[4] = 0;;
	LED[5] = 0;
	LED[6] = 0;
	LED[7] = 0;

题目二

uint count_ms;
uchar count;
void timer1()  interrupt 3
{
    systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	if(state == 1)
	{
		if(++count_ms == 200)
		{
			count_ms = 0;
			if(++count == 20)//亮灭各十次
			{
			 	count = 0;
			 	state = 0;
			}
		}
	}
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}
	LED[0] = (state == 1) ? count % 2 : 0;  
	LED[1] = 0;
	LED[2] = 0;
	LED[3] = 0;
	LED[4] = 0;;
	LED[5] = 0;
	LED[6] = 0;
	LED[7] = 0;

5.状态指示灯

	LED[0] = (vol > vol_old) ? 1 : 0;  
	LED[1] = (fre > fre_old) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[2] = (state_display == 0) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[3] = (state_display == 1) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[4] = (state_display == 2) ? 1 : 0;
	LED[5] = 0;
	LED[6] = 0;
	LED[7] = 0;

6.二进制灯

用程序员计算器计算发现80的二进制为01010000；与LED的显示正好相反，所以需要进行取反

void timer1()  interrupt 3
{
    systick_ms++;
    key_dly++;
	display_dly++;
	collect_dly++;
	smg(SMG,dot,pos);
	P0 = ~(distance);
	hc573(4);
	if(++pos == 8) pos = 0;
	relay(state_relay);
}

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总结

以上就是蓝桥杯历年来LED考点。希望大家可以全部掌握。