由于高压输电线路纵横延伸几十甚至几百千米，处在不同的环境中。因此高压输电线路受所处地理环境和气候影响很大，每年电网停电事故主要由线路事故引起。传统输电线路检查主要依靠运行维护人员周期性巡视，虽能发现设备隐患，但由于本身的局限性缺乏对特殊环境和气候的检测，在巡视周期真空期也不能及时掌握线路走廊外力变化，极易在下一个巡视未到之前，由于缺乏监测发生线路事故。因此，特高压输电线路在线监测系统应用而生。
由于国内人民生活水平的提高，科技不断地进步，控制不断地完善，从而促使高压电网过电压在线监测技术在电气系统领域占据主导权，也使得高压电网过电压在线监测系统被广泛应用。在电力系统设计领域中，高压电网过电压在线监测系统成为目前一处亮丽的风景线，因为其设计资源众多，开发经验丰富，最重要的是成本较低，基本在购买者的承受范围以内，因此高压电网过电压在线监测系统设计逐渐成为世界各国关注的重点。随着高压电网过电压在线监测系统领域的不断革新，数量越来越大，逐渐成为研究的重点方向，因此新一代的我们要认真去研究高压电网过电压在线监测系统的构成。
本论文对设计完成的高压电网过电压在线监测系统进行了调试和校正，并根据该系统挂网运行一年多的运行结果，对过电压波形进行了特点分析。在对过电压波形进行了特点分析和初步分类总结基础上，提出了利用过电压半峰值时间等8个特征参量来表征内部和外部过电压，并利用支持向量机算法，实现了对内部过电压和外部过电压的自动判别。运行结果表明，研制的过电压在线监测装置运行稳定可靠，能够很好的记录电网中出现的多种过电压波形，满足高压电网过电压在线监测的要求，达到了预期设计目标。
关键词：高压电网；过电压；故障保护；在线监测；电压传感器
Abstract
High-voltage transmission lines, which span tens or even hundreds of kilometers, are in different environments. Therefore, high-voltage transmission lines are greatly affected by the geographical environment and climate. Every year, power grid outage accidents are mainly caused by line accidents. Traditional transmission line inspection mainly relies on periodic inspection by operation and maintenance personnel. Although hidden dangers of equipment can be found, due to its own limitations, it lacks the detection of special environment and climate. In the vacuum period of inspection cycle, external force changes of line corridors cannot be timely grasped, which is easy to cause line accidents before the next inspection due to lack of monitoring. Therefore, the online monitoring system of UHV transmission line is applied.
Due to the improvement of the living standard of the domestic people, the continuous progress of science and technology, and the continuous improvement of control, so as to promote the high voltage grid overvoltage online monitoring technology in the field of electrical systems occupy the dominant position, but also make the high voltage grid overvoltage online monitoring system is widely used. In the field of power system design, the high voltage network overvoltage online monitoring system has become a beautiful landscape at present, because of its design resources, rich development experience, the most important is the low cost, basically within the buyer's range, so the high voltage network overvoltage online monitoring system design has gradually become the focus of the world. With the continuous innovation in the field of high voltage grid overvoltage online monitoring system, the number is increasing, and it has gradually become the focus of research. Therefore, the new generation of us should seriously study the composition of high voltage grid overvoltage online monitoring system.
This paper debugged and corrected the designed online monitoring system of high voltage grid, and analyzed the characteristics of the overvoltage waveform according to the operating results of the system for more than one year. Based on the characteristic analysis and preliminary classification of the overvoltage waveform, eight characteristic parameters such as the half peak time of overvoltage are proposed to characterize the internal and external overvoltage, and the automatic identification of the internal and external overvoltage is realized by using the support vector machine algorithm. The operation results show that the developed online overvoltage monitoring device runs stably and reliably, can well record a variety of overvoltage waveforms in the power grid, meets the requirements of online overvoltage monitoring in the high voltage grid, and achieves the expected design objectives.
Key words: High-voltage power network; Overvoltage; Fault protection; On-line monitoring; Voltage sensor
目录
摘要...................................................................................... 1
第一章 绪论........................................................................ 1
1.1 课题背景及研究现状............................................. 1
1.2 国内外研究现状..................................................... 2
1.3 课题研究的意义..................................................... 4
1.4 课题的研究内容及章节安排................................. 5
第二章 过电压在线监测系统基本原理............................ 6
2.1 概述......................................................................... 6
2.2 电力系统过电压分类及特点................................. 6
2.2.1 大气过电压.................................................... 6
2.2.2 内部过电压.................................................... 7
2.2.3 对过电压监测系统的要求............................ 9
2.3 系统组成................................................................. 9
2.4 装置总体结构及工作原理..................................... 9
第三章 弧光接地过电压保护措施分析.......................... 11
3.1 弧光接地过电压的产生机理............................... 11
3.1.1 高频熄弧理论.............................................. 11
3.1.2 工频熄弧理论.............................................. 11
3.1.3 介质强度恢复理论...................................... 13
3.2 电弧接地故障模型分析....................................... 13
3.2.1 中性点经消弧线圈接地故障分析.............. 13
3.2.2 中性点经小电阻系统故障分析.................. 14
3.3系统的无功补偿分析............................................ 15
3.3.1 无功补偿设备的选择.................................. 15
3.3.2 并联电抗器的补偿分析.............................. 16
第四章 变压器套管末屏电压传感器的研究................ 18
4.1 概述....................................................................... 18
4.2 电压传感器工作原理........................................... 18
4.2.1电容式套管................................................... 18
4.2.2电压传感器结构........................................... 19
4.3 分压电容的选择................................................... 20
4.3.1电容器的分类............................................... 20
4.3.2分压电容容量的确定................................... 20
4.3.3额定工作电压的确定................................... 21
4.4 保护单元的设计................................................... 22
4.4.1压敏电阻....................................................... 22
4.4.2气体放电管................................................... 22
4.4.3继电器保护单元........................................... 23
4.5 传感器误差分析................................................... 23
第五章 仿真分析............................................................ 25
第六章 结束语................................................................ 27
参考文献............................................................................ 28
致 谢............................................................................ 30
完整论文点击如下链接下载：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_45905610/88597417
matlab/simulink仿真点击如下链接下载：
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