以太网RGMII/MII/RMII接口回环测试方案

一、phy回环设计框图：

二、实现原理

1、模组的MAC通过RGMII/MII/RMII接口与PHY连接

2、MAC层数据经过RGMII到达PHY的PCS层

3、设置PHY的PCS层回环，使PCS层数据回到MAC层

4、判断MAC层TX与RX接收的数据。如果MAC能接收到数据，测试PASS，否则失败

三、功能实现流程说明

四、代码实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>// close()
#include <string.h>// strcpy, memset(), and memcpy()
#include <netdb.h> // struct addrinfo
#include <sys/types.h>  // needed for socket(), uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t
#include <sys/socket.h>  // needed for socket()
#include <netinet/in.h> // IPPROTO_ICMP, INET_ADDRSTRLEN
#include <netinet/ip.h>// struct ip and IP_MAXPACKET (which is 65535)
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> // struct icmp, ICMP_ECHO
#include <arpa/inet.h> // inet_pton() and inet_ntop()
#include <sys/ioctl.h> // macro ioctl is defined
#include <bits/ioctls.h>  // defines values for argument "request" of ioctl.
#include <net/if.h> // struct ifreq
#include <linux/if_ether.h> // ETH_P_IP = 0x0800, ETH_P_IPV6 = 0x86DD
#include <linux/if_packet.h> // struct sockaddr_ll (see man 7 packet)
#include <net/ethernet.h>
#include <errno.h> // errno, perror()
#define ETH_P_DEAN 0x8874 //自定义的以太网协议type

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int i, datalen, frame_length, sd, bytes;
    char *interface = "eth0";
    uint8_t data[IP_MAXPACKET];
    uint8_t src_mac[6];
    uint8_t dst_mac[6];
    uint8_t ether_frame[IP_MAXPACKET] = {0};
    struct sockaddr_ll device;
    struct ifreq ifr;
    int recvlen=0;
    uint8_t buffer[IP_MAXPACKET] = {0};
    int loopback_state=1;

    // Submit request for a socket descriptor to look up interface.
    if ((sd = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL))) < 0) {
        perror("socket() failed to get socket descriptor for using ioctl()");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // Use ioctl() to look up interface name and get its MAC address.
    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
    snprintf(ifr.ifr_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name), "%s", interface);
    if (ioctl(sd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) < 0)
    {
        perror("ioctl() failed to get source MAC address ");
        return (EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    close(sd);

    // Copy source MAC address.
    memcpy(src_mac, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, 6);

    // Report source MAC address to stdout.
    printf("MAC address for interface %s is ", interface);
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        printf("%02x:", src_mac[i]);
    }
    printf("%02x\n", src_mac[5]);

    // Find interface index from interface name and store index in
    // struct sockaddr_ll device, which will be used as an argument of sendto().
    memset(&device, 0, sizeof(device));
    if ((device.sll_ifindex = if_nametoindex(interface)) == 0)
    {
        perror("if_nametoindex() failed to obtain interface index ");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    printf("Index for interface %s is %i\n", interface, device.sll_ifindex);

    // Set destination MAC address: you need to fill these out
    dst_mac[0] = 0x10; //设置目的网卡地址
    dst_mac[1] = 0x78;
    dst_mac[2] = 0xd2;
	dst_mac[3] = 0xc6;
    dst_mac[4] = 0x2f;
    dst_mac[5] = 0x89;

    // Fill out sockaddr_ll.
    device.sll_family = AF_PACKET;
    memcpy(device.sll_addr, src_mac, 6);
    device.sll_halen = htons(6);

    // 发送的data，长度可以任意，但是抓包时看到最小数据长度为46，这是以太网协议规定以太网帧数
    //据域部分最小为46字节，不足的自动补零处理

    datalen = 12;
    data[0] = 'h';
    data[1] = 'e';
    data[2] = 'l';
    data[3] = 'l';
    data[4] = 'o';
    data[5] = ' ';
    data[6] = 'w';
    data[7] = 'o';
    data[8] = 'r';
    data[9] = 'l';
    data[10] = 'd';
    data[11] = '!';

    // Fill out ethernet frame header.
    frame_length = 6 + 6 + 2 + datalen;
    // Destination and Source MAC addresses
    memcpy(ether_frame, dst_mac, 6);
    memcpy(ether_frame + 6, src_mac, 6);

    ether_frame[12] = ETH_P_DEAN / 256;
    ether_frame[13] = ETH_P_DEAN % 256;

    // data
    memcpy(ether_frame + 14, data, datalen);
    // Submit request for a raw socket descriptor.
    if ((sd = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL))) < 0)
    { //创建正真发送的socket
        perror("socket() failed ");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    // Send ethernet frame to socket.
    if ((bytes = sendto(sd, ether_frame, frame_length, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&device,
        sizeof(device))) <= 0)
    {
        perror("sendto() failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
	printf("IP_MAXPACKET = %d\nbytes = %d sendto data:\n", IP_MAXPACKET, bytes);
    for(i=0;i<bytes;i++){
        printf(" %02x",ether_frame[i]);
        if((i+1)%16==0){
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
    printf("\n");

    recvlen = recvfrom(sd,buffer,sizeof(buffer),0,NULL,NULL);
	printf("recvlen = %d recvfrom data:\n", recvlen);
    for (i=0;i<recvlen;i++) {
        printf(" %02x",buffer[i]);
        if((i+1)%16==0){
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
    printf("\n");

    for(i=0; i<recvlen; i++) {
        if(bytes>recvlen)
        {
            loopback_state=0;
            break;
        }
        else if(ether_frame[i]!=buffer[i])
        {
            loopback_state=0;
			printf("ether_frame[%d]:%02x buffer[%d]:%02x\n", i, ether_frame[i], i, buffer[i]);
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (loopback_state == 1)
    {
        printf("phy loopback OK\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("phy loopback error\n");
    }
    // Close socket descriptor.
    close(sd);

    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}