介绍
-
包含了很多类和接口
-
元素：窗口、按钮、文本框
-
java.awt
Frame
就是一个窗口
实现
package com.yeyue.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//展示多个窗口
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.yellow);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.MAGENTA);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
static int id = 0; //可能需要多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器
public MyFrame (int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
super("Myframe" + (++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
结果展示
面板Panel
无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中
实现
package com.yeyue.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//Panel 可以砍成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(40,161,35));
//Panel 设置坐标，相当于frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(159, 159, 186));
//frame.add(Panel)
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 system.exit(0)
//适配器模式
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
结果展示
布局管理器
流式布局Flow
实现
package com.yeyue.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
//设置为流式布局
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
frame.setSize(200,200);
//把按钮加上去
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
结果展示
东西南北中Border
实现
package com.yeyue.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
//组件按钮
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(200,200);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
结果展示
表格布局Grid
实现
package com.yeyue.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
//组件按钮
Button bth1 = new Button("bth1");
Button bth2 = new Button("bth2");
Button bth3 = new Button("bth3");
Button bth4 = new Button("bth4");
Button bth5 = new Button("bth5");
Button bth6 = new Button("bth6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
frame.add(bth1);
frame.add(bth2);
frame.add(bth3);
frame.add(bth4);
frame.add(bth5);
frame.add(bth6);
frame.pack(); //java 函数
frame.setSize(200,200);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
结果展示
布局管理器综合练习
先分析过程，然后写代码逐步实现
实现
package com.yeyue.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.setSize(400,300);
frame.setLocation(300,400);
frame.setBackground(Color.black);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
p4.add(new Button("for-" + i));
}
p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(p1);
frame.add(p3);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
结果展示
事件监听
实例
package com.yeyue.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮 ，触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
//因为，addActionListener() 需要一个ActionListener，所以我们构建一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
windowsClose(frame);
}
public static void windowsClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaa");
}
}
多个按钮共享一个事件
package com.yeyue.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮，实现同一个监听
//开始 结束
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认值
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button1.setActionCommand("button1-start");
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
windowsClose(frame);
}
public static void windowsClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//
System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg=> " + e.getActionCommand());
}
}
输入框TextField
package com.yeyue.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下 enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource(); //获取一些资源，返回的一个对象
System.out.println(field.getText()); //获取文本框中输入的文本
field.setText(""); //null ""
}
}
简易计算器，组合+内部类
oop原则：组合大于继承
package com.yeyue.lesson02;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCacu {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator(){
//三个文本框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
//一个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
//获取三个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
this.num1 = num1;
this.num2 = num2;
this.num3 = num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1. 获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//2. 将这个这个值 + 法 运算后，放到第三个框
num3.setText("" + (n1+n2));
//3. 清除前两个框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
完全改造为面向对象写法
package com.yeyue.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCacu {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
//属性
TextField num1, num2, num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
Label label = new Label("+");
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类
Calculator calculator = null;
public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
calculator.num1.setText("");
calculator.num2.setText("");
}
}
内部类
- 更好的包装
package com.yeyue.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCacu {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
//属性
TextField num1, num2, num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame() {
num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
Label label = new Label("+");
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
//监听器类
//内部类最大的好处就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类
Calculator calculator = null;
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}
画笔
package com.yeyue.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void loadFrame(){
setBounds(200,200,600,500);
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画笔，需要有颜色，可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.fillOval(200,200,100,100); //实心的圆
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.drawRect(150,200,200,200);
g.fillRect(300,10,200,200);
//养成习惯，画笔用完，将他还原到最初的颜色
}
}
鼠标监听
目的：实现鼠标画画
package com.yeyue.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
//需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title){
super(title);
setBounds(200,200,400,400);
//存鼠标的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
//鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画 监听鼠标的事件
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
//添加一个点到界面上
public void addPaint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
//适配模式
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//这个我们点击的时候就会在界面上产生一个点
//这个点就是鼠标的点
frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY())); ;
//每次点击鼠标都要重新画一遍
frame.repaint(); //刷新
}
}
}
窗口监听
package com.yeyue.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame(){
setBackground(Color.blue);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
//addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(
new WindowAdapter() {
//关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowClosing");
System.exit(0);
}
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
}
);
}
}
键盘监听
package com.yeyue.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame(){
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter(){
//键盘按下
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘下的键是哪个，当前的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); //不需要记录这个值，直接使用静态属性
System.out.println(keyCode);
if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据按下不同操作，产生不同的结果
}
});
}
}
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