RGB图像处理（2）——分离元素，以及封装

一、元素分离

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int rgb24Split(char* fileName, int width, int height)
{
    FILE* fp = fopen(fileName, "rb+");
    FILE* fp1 = fopen("1_r.y", "wb+");
    FILE* fp2 = fopen("1_g.y", "wb+");
    FILE* fp3 = fopen("1_b.y", "wb+");

    unsigned char* readBuf = (unsigned char*)malloc(width * height * 3);

    fread(readBuf, 1, width * height * 3, fp);

    for (int i = 0; i < width * height * 3; i = i + 3)
    {
        //R
        fwrite(readBuf + i, 1, 1, fp1);
        //G
        fwrite(readBuf + i + 1, 1, 1, fp2);
        //B
        fwrite(readBuf + i + 2, 1, 1, fp3);
    }

    free(readBuf);
    fclose(fp);
    fclose(fp1);
    fclose(fp2);
    fclose(fp3);

    return 0;
}

int main()
{
    rgb24Split("1.rgb", 1920, 1080);
    return 0;
}

我这里没有图片素材，所以我是直接用YUV图片转过来的，所以显示也有点问题，毕竟YUV分量和RGB的占比不一样，但是不影响效果

从图片可以看出不同的分量显示是不一样的，这里最好选择一些颜色区别比较大的图，彩虹那种，更加明细。

二、RGB封装为BMP

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
int rgb24_to_bmp(const char* rgb24path, int width, int height, const char* bmppath)
{
	typedef struct
	{
		unsigned int imageSize;		//文件大小
		unsigned int blank;			//位图文件保留字，必须为0
		unsigned int startPosition;	//位图头文件头到数据的偏移量
	}BmpHead;

	typedef struct
	{
		unsigned int  Length;		//结构大小
		unsigned int  width;		//图像宽度
		unsigned int  height;		//图像长度
		unsigned short  colorPlane;	//目标设备级别，必须为1
		unsigned short  bitColor;	//颜色深度
		unsigned int  zipFormat;	//压缩类型
		unsigned int  realSize;		//位图的大小
		unsigned int  xPels;		//位图的水平分辨率
		unsigned int  yPels;		//位图的垂直分辨率
		unsigned int  colorUse;		//位图实际使用的颜色色数
		unsigned int  colorImportant;//位图显示过程中的重要颜色素
	}InfoHead;

	int i = 0, j = 0;
	BmpHead m_BMPHeader = { 0 };
	InfoHead  m_BMPInfoHeader = { 0 };
	char bfType[2] = { 'B','M' };
	int header_size = sizeof(bfType) + sizeof(BmpHead) + sizeof(InfoHead);
	unsigned char* rgb24_buffer = NULL;

	FILE* fp_rgb24 = NULL;
	FILE* fp_bmp = NULL;

	if ((fp_rgb24 = fopen(rgb24path, "rb")) == NULL) {
		printf("Error: Cannot open input RGB24 file.\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if ((fp_bmp = fopen(bmppath, "wb")) == NULL) {
		printf("Error: Cannot open output BMP file.\n");
		return -1;
	}

	rgb24_buffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(width * height * 3);

	fread(rgb24_buffer, 1, width * height * 3, fp_rgb24);
	//文件的大小。总的RGB+头文件
	m_BMPHeader.imageSize = 3 * width * height + header_size;
	//位图文件头到数据的偏移量
	m_BMPHeader.startPosition = header_size;

	m_BMPInfoHeader.Length = sizeof(InfoHead);

	m_BMPInfoHeader.width = width;

	//BMP存储y轴相反方向(从下到上)的像素数据  
	m_BMPInfoHeader.height = -height;
	//目标设备，1
	m_BMPInfoHeader.colorPlane = 1;
	//颜色深度
	m_BMPInfoHeader.bitColor = 24;
	//位图大小
	m_BMPInfoHeader.realSize = 3 * width * height;

	fwrite(bfType, 1, sizeof(bfType), fp_bmp);
	fwrite(&m_BMPHeader, 1, sizeof(m_BMPHeader), fp_bmp);
	fwrite(&m_BMPInfoHeader, 1, sizeof(m_BMPInfoHeader), fp_bmp);

	//BMP改变RGB的存储顺序
	//R->G->B||B->G->R
	for (j = 0; j < height; j++) {
		for (i = 0; i < width; i++) {
			char temp = rgb24_buffer[(j * width + i) * 3 + 2];
			rgb24_buffer[(j * width + i) * 3 + 2] = rgb24_buffer[(j * width + i) * 3 + 0];
			rgb24_buffer[(j * width + i) * 3 + 0] = temp;
		}
	}
	fwrite(rgb24_buffer, 3 * width * height, 1, fp_bmp);

	fclose(fp_rgb24);
	fclose(fp_bmp);
	free(rgb24_buffer);
	printf("Finish generate %s!\n", bmppath);
	return 0;
}
int main()
{
	rgb24_to_bmp("2.rgb",640,640,"2.bmp");
	return 0;
}

封装后的图片可以通过自带的图片播放器播放。