前言
stm32内置RAM和ROM(Flash),根据flash容量可将stm32单片机分为小容量、中容量、大容量产品。
1、小容量:0-32K
2、中容量:64-128K
3、大容量:256K及以上
rct6是256K大容量,以下是其FLASH地址分配:
每一页有2K,每个地址有1B的容量,但FLASH读写默认是以16位数据为单位传输的。
代码
stmflash.c
#include "stmflash.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
//读取指定地址的半字(16位数据)
//faddr:读地址(此地址必须为2的倍数!!)
//返回值:对应数据.
u16 STMFLASH_ReadHalfWord(u32 faddr)
{
return *(vu16*)faddr;
}
#if STM32_FLASH_WREN //如果使能了写
//不检查的写入
//WriteAddr:起始地址
//pBuffer:数据指针
//NumToWrite:半字(16位)数
void STMFLASH_Write_NoCheck(u32 WriteAddr, u16* pBuffer, u16 NumToWrite)
{
u16 i;
for(i = 0; i < NumToWrite; i++)
{
FLASH_ProgramHalfWord(WriteAddr, pBuffer[i]);
WriteAddr += 2; //地址增加2.
}
}
//从指定地址开始写入指定长度的数据
//WriteAddr:起始地址(此地址必须为2的倍数!!)
//pBuffer:数据指针
//NumToWrite:半字(16位)数(就是要写入的16位数据的个数.)
#if STM32_FLASH_SIZE<256
#define STM_SECTOR_SIZE 1024 //字节
#else
#define STM_SECTOR_SIZE 2048
#endif
u16 STMFLASH_BUF[STM_SECTOR_SIZE / 2]; //最多是2K字节
void STMFLASH_Write(u32 WriteAddr, u16* pBuffer, u16 NumToWrite)
{
u32 secpos; //扇区地址
u16 secoff; //扇区内偏移地址(16位字计算)
u16 secremain; //扇区内剩余地址(16位字计算)
u16 i;
u32 offaddr; //去掉0X08000000后的地址
if(WriteAddr < STM32_FLASH_BASE || (WriteAddr >= (STM32_FLASH_BASE + 1024 * STM32_FLASH_SIZE)))return; //非法地址
FLASH_Unlock(); //解锁
offaddr = WriteAddr - STM32_FLASH_BASE; //实际偏移地址.
secpos = offaddr / STM_SECTOR_SIZE; //扇区地址 0~127 for STM32F103RBT6
secoff = (offaddr % STM_SECTOR_SIZE) / 2; //在扇区内的偏移(2个字节为基本单位.)
secremain = STM_SECTOR_SIZE / 2 - secoff; //扇区剩余空间大小
if(NumToWrite <= secremain)secremain = NumToWrite; //不大于该扇区范围
while(1)
{
STMFLASH_Read(secpos * STM_SECTOR_SIZE + STM32_FLASH_BASE, STMFLASH_BUF, STM_SECTOR_SIZE / 2); //读出整个扇区的内容
for(i = 0; i < secremain; i++) //校验数据
{
if(STMFLASH_BUF[secoff + i] != 0XFFFF)break; //需要擦除
}
if(i < secremain) //需要擦除
{
FLASH_ErasePage(secpos * STM_SECTOR_SIZE + STM32_FLASH_BASE); //擦除这个扇区
for(i = 0; i < secremain; i++) //复制
{
STMFLASH_BUF[i + secoff] = pBuffer[i];
}
STMFLASH_Write_NoCheck(secpos * STM_SECTOR_SIZE + STM32_FLASH_BASE, STMFLASH_BUF, STM_SECTOR_SIZE / 2); //写入整个扇区
}
else STMFLASH_Write_NoCheck(WriteAddr, pBuffer, secremain); //写已经擦除了的,直接写入扇区剩余区间.
if(NumToWrite == secremain)break; //写入结束了
else//写入未结束
{
secpos++; //扇区地址增1
secoff = 0; //偏移位置为0
pBuffer += secremain; //指针偏移
WriteAddr += secremain; //写地址偏移
NumToWrite -= secremain; //字节(16位)数递减
if(NumToWrite > (STM_SECTOR_SIZE / 2))secremain = STM_SECTOR_SIZE / 2; //下一个扇区还是写不完
else secremain = NumToWrite; //下一个扇区可以写完了
}
};
FLASH_Lock();//上锁
}
#endif
//从指定地址开始读出指定长度的数据
//ReadAddr:起始地址
//pBuffer:数据指针
//NumToWrite:半字(16位)数
void STMFLASH_Read(u32 ReadAddr, u16* pBuffer, u16 NumToRead)
{
u16 i;
for(i = 0; i < NumToRead; i++)
{
pBuffer[i] = STMFLASH_ReadHalfWord(ReadAddr); //读取2个字节.
ReadAddr += 2; //偏移2个字节.
}
}
//
//WriteAddr:起始地址
//WriteData:要写入的数据
void Test_Write(u32 WriteAddr, u16 WriteData)
{
STMFLASH_Write(WriteAddr, &WriteData, 1); //写入一个字
}
stmflash.h
#ifndef __STMFLASH_H__
#define __STMFLASH_H__
#include "sys.h"
//
//用户根据自己的需要设置
#define STM32_FLASH_SIZE 256 //所选STM32的FLASH容量大小(单位为K)
#define STM32_FLASH_WREN 1 //使能FLASH写入(0,不是能;1,使能)
//
//FLASH起始地址
#define STM32_FLASH_BASE 0x08000000 //STM32 FLASH的起始地址
//FLASH解锁键值
u16 STMFLASH_ReadHalfWord(u32 faddr); //读出半字
void STMFLASH_WriteLenByte(u32 WriteAddr,u32 DataToWrite,u16 Len); //指定地址开始写入指定长度的数据
u32 STMFLASH_ReadLenByte(u32 ReadAddr,u16 Len); //指定地址开始读取指定长度数据
void STMFLASH_Write(u32 WriteAddr,u16 *pBuffer,u16 NumToWrite); //从指定地址开始写入指定长度的数据
void STMFLASH_Read(u32 ReadAddr,u16 *pBuffer,u16 NumToRead); //从指定地址开始读出指定长度的数据
//测试写入
void Test_Write(u32 WriteAddr,u16 WriteData);
#endif
main.c
#define FLASH_SAVE_ADDR 0X08016000 //设置FLASH 保存地址(必须为偶数,且其值要大于本代码所占用FLASH的大小+0X08000000)
int len[200]; //保存内部FLASH各数据长度
int16_t Arr[7] = {12, -345, 1500, 3500, -1275, 98, 4095}; //数据数组
int Arr_cnt = 7; //存入内部FLASH数据个数
u8 Key_Flag = 3; //按键标志
int main(void)
{
u8 key;
Init_All();
while(1)
{
key = KEY_Scan(0);
if(key == KEY1_PRES)Key_Flag = 1;
else if(key == KEY2_PRES)Key_Flag = 2;
/*写入内部FLASH*/
if(Key_Flag == 2)
{
for(int j = 0; j < Arr_cnt; j++)
{
u8 g_Text_Buf[] = {" "};//注意字符数组初始化时的长度,即空格个数,现在是3,因为还要加‘\0’
sprintf(g_Text_Buf, "%d", Arr[j]);//将数值型转成字符数组
len[j] = sizeof(g_Text_Buf);//记录每个数据的长度
STMFLASH_Write(FLASH_SAVE_ADDR + 6 *j , (u16*)g_Text_Buf, len[j]);
}
Key_Flag = 0;
}
/*读FLASH*/
if(Key_Flag == 0)
{
for(int j = 0; j < Arr_cnt; j++)
{
u8 str[len[j]];
int data;
STMFLASH_Read(FLASH_SAVE_ADDR + 6 *j, (u16*)str, len[j]);
// printf("str=%s\n", str);
data = atoi(str);
printf("data=%d\n", data);
delay_ms(5);
}
}
}
}
g_Text_Buf空格个数和读写地址间隔数(FLASH_SAVE_ADDR + 6 *j )是根据我写入的数值长度决定的,我的最长是-1275,转换成字符型后,占5B,但FLASH以2B读写的,所以占6B,3个半字,所以g_Text_Buf长度为3。