pytorch深度学习实践（刘二大人）课堂代码&作业——卷积神经网络基础篇

一、课堂代码&课后作业

这次的整个代码和上节课差不多，就是把model换成cnn了，作业也是继续修改模型，所以我这里就直接做作业啦，Tensor维度的变化我也注释在模型旁边了，大家可以参考一下自行修改~

import torch
from torchvision import transforms
from torchvision import datasets
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
import torch.nn.functional as F #用relu
import torch.optim as optim
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import urllib.request
opener = urllib.request.build_opener()
opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0')]
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)

batch_size = 64
transform = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.ToTensor(),  #将图像转为tensor，w*h*c → c*w*h, [0,255] → [0,1]
    transforms.Normalize((0.1307, ), (0.3081, ))  # 数据集的均值mean，标准差std
])

train_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./datasets/mnist/',
                               train=True,
                               transform=transform,
                               download=True)
train_loader = DataLoader(train_dataset,
                          batch_size=batch_size,
                          shuffle=True) 
test_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./datasets/mnist/',
                               train=False,
                               transform=transform,
                               download=True)
test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset,
                          batch_size=batch_size,
                          shuffle=False)

class Net(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = torch.nn.Conv2d(1, 10, kernel_size=5)   #1*28*28 → 10*24*24 → 10*12*12
        self.conv2 = torch.nn.Conv2d(10, 20, kernel_size=3, padding=1)  #10*12*12 → 20*12*12 → 20*6*6
        self.conv3 = torch.nn.Conv2d(20, 40, kernel_size=3, padding=1)  #20*6*6 → 40*6*6 → 40*3*3
        self.pooling = torch.nn.MaxPool2d(2)
        self.fc1 = torch.nn.Linear(360, 180)
        self.fc2 = torch.nn.Linear(180, 10)
        
    
    def forward(self, x):
        batch_size = x.size(0)  
        x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv1(x)))
        x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv2(x)))
        x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv3(x)))
        x = x.view(batch_size, -1) #flatten
        x = self.fc1(x)
        return self.fc2(x)  #此处不需要激活函数，直接接到softmax（计算损失的时候）
    
model = Net()
device = torch.device('cuda:0' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')
model.to(device)

criterion = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01, momentum=0.5)  #带冲量

epoch_list = []
loss_list = []

def train(epoch):
    running_loss = 0.0
    total_loss = 0.0
    count = 0
    for batch_idx, data in enumerate(train_loader, 0):
        inputs, target = data
        inputs, target = inputs.to(device), target.to(device)
        optimizer.zero_grad()

        outputs = model(inputs)
        loss = criterion(outputs, target)
        total_loss += loss.item()
        count += 1
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()

        running_loss += loss.item()
        if batch_idx % 300 == 299:
            print('[epoch:%d, iteration:%5d] loss: %.3f' % (epoch+1, batch_idx+1, running_loss/300))  #每过300轮输出一次，%5d指定了输出字段宽度为5个字符，%.3f表示保留3位小数
            running_loss = 0.0
    epoch_list.append(epoch)
    loss_list.append(total_loss/count)

def test():   #索引 batch_idx 用于控制训练过程中打印的频率,test 函数通常只在整个测试集上运行一次，只输出最终准确率
    correct = 0
    total = 0
    with torch.no_grad():
        for data in test_loader:
            images, labels = data
            images, labels = images.to(device), labels.to(device)
            outputs = model(images)  #输出的是batch里每个样本的分布构成的矩阵
            _, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, dim=1) #沿着维度1（列）找最大值的下标，返回的是最大值及对应下标，因此前面用一个占位符
            total += labels.size(0)  #size就是（N, 1），取第0个元素就是N，其实就是累计测试集的总样本数
            correct += (predicted == labels).sum().item()  #对应位置比较，相同为1不同为0，再计算比较结果的总和
    print('Accuracy on test set: %d %%' %(100*correct/total))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    for epoch in range(10):
        train(epoch)
        test()
    
    plt.plot(epoch_list, loss_list)
    plt.xlabel('Epoch')
    plt.ylabel('Loss')
    plt.title('Training Loss')
    plt.savefig('cnn.png')

结果：

这张图画错了，我忘记给loss求均值，直接把总的loss输出了，所以loss很大

代码我已经改过了，图我就不重新画了，大差不差

测试集的accuracy忘记截图了，稳定在98%