摘 要
煤炭、石油和天然气等化石燃料的迅速消耗,不仅引起了能源危机,还造成了以及环境污染日益加剧,由于电力的清洁,输送方便,在各国的国民工业发展中都占据着重要的地位,随着电力的广泛应用,越来越多的负载对用电的种类提出了要求,需要一定的电力变换设备。电力电子技术的飞速发展,整流器的应用领域也日益扩大。在电压平衡状态下,PWM整流器具有能量的双向流动,在用电和配电、各种工业场合领域占据了重要的地位。
本文首先对PWM整流器系统进行了研究。在查阅大量国内外文献资料的基础上,对整流器及其控制器的国内外发展现状及研究趋势做了详细的研究,并对课题研究的意义有了更深入的认识。接下来对三相电压型整流器的拓扑结构、数学模型、整流器的控制技术进行了分析,并结合一定的平台对PWM整流器进行研究设计,对其控制方法运用MATLAB 仿真软件进行了仿真。然后对 FPGA 的发展历程、应用、分类、开发工具、语言等内容进行了介绍。最后对滞环控制算法进行了模块划分,将其划分为 PI 算法模块,限幅与指令电流生成模块,滞环比较模块,PWM 脉冲生成及死区保护模块,AD 控制及数据储存模块,并在 Quartus II 软件环境下,使用 VHDL 语言通过编程实现模块化设计。实践证明,设计的 PWM整流器和控制算法是可行的。
关键词:能源,PWM整流器,控制方法,MATLAB
PWM Rectifier Design
ABSTRACT
The rapid consumption of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas has not only caused an energy crisis, but also caused an increase in environmental pollution. Due to the clean and convenient transportation of electricity, it plays an important role in the development of national industries in various countries. With the widespread use of electricity, more and more loads place demands on the types of electricity used, and certain power conversion equipment is required. With the rapid development of power electronics technology, the application fields of rectifiers are also expanding. In the state of voltage balance, the PWM rectifier has a bidirectional flow of energy, and plays an important role in the field of electricity and power distribution, and various industrial occasions.
This paper first studies the PWM rectifier system. On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the domestic and foreign development status and research trends of rectifiers and their controllers have been studied in detail, and the significance of the research has been further understood. Next, the topology, mathematical model and rectifier control technology of the three-phase voltage rectifier are analyzed. The PWM rectifier is researched and designed with a certain platform. The control method is simulated by MATLAB simulation software. Then, the development history, application, classification, development tools, language and other contents of FPGA are introduced. Finally, the hysteresis control algorithm is divided into modules, which are divided into PI algorithm module, limiting and command current generation module, hysteresis comparison module, PWM pulse generation and dead zone protection module, AD control and data storage module, and In the Quartus II software environment, modular design is programmed through the VHDL language. Practice has proved that the designed PWM rectifier and control algorithm are feasible.
Key words: Energy, PWM Rectifier, Control Method, MATLAB
目 录
摘 要................................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT........................................................................ v
第一章 绪 论.................................................................... 1
1.1 课题研究的背景及意义.......................... 1
1.2 整流器的研究现状和发展趋势.................... 1
1.3 PWM整流器控制方法............................. 3
1.4 本文研究思路及安排............................ 4
第二章 整流器系统工作原理分析.................................. 5
2.1 整流器工作原理................................ 5
2.1.1 三相整流器............................................................. 5
2.1.2 单相整流器............................................................. 5
2.2 整流器中各个开关状态分析...................... 6
2.3 整流控制原理.................................. 7
2.3.1间接电流控制............................................................ 7
2.3.2直接电流控制............................................................ 8
2.4 整流器主控芯片选型............................ 8
2.4.1主控芯片FPGA的特点............................................ 9
2.4.2芯片开发语言............................................................ 9
第三章 PWM整流器参数设计..................................... 11
3.1 整流器交流侧电感设计......................... 11
3.2 整流器功率器件的确定......................... 12
3.3 直流侧电容设计............................... 12
第四章 PWM整流器硬件电路设计............................ 14
4.1 相关电路设计................................. 14
4.1.1 RC滤波及LM2902电路设计............................. 14
4.1.2 AD7656与FPGA 的连接.................................... 15
4.2 电源电路的设计............................... 15
4.3 驱动电路的设计............................... 16
4.4 PWM产生模块设计............................. 17
第五章 整流控制方法设计............................................ 19
5.1 算法功能模块划分............................. 19
5.2 PI算法模块.................................. 20
5.3 PWM限幅与指令电流生成模块................... 21
5.4 系统仿真结果及分析........................... 22
第六章 总结及展望........................................................ 25
参考文献............................................................................ 26
致 谢................................................................................ 29