IIC协议学习

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已于 2022-09-27 08:39:11 修改

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文章标签：单片机嵌入式硬件

于 2022-09-26 15:43:16 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_55179981/article/details/127040374

版权

1.IIC协议概述
IIC全称Inter-Integrated Circuit (集成电路总线)
是由PHILIPS公司在80年代开发的两线式串行总线，用于连接微控制器及其外围设备。IIC属于半双工同步通信方式。
特点：
简单性和有效性。
由于接口直接在组件之上，因此IIC总线占用的空间非常小，减少了电路板的空间和芯片管脚的数量，降低了互联成本。总线的长度可高达25英尺，并且能够以10Kbps的最大传输速率支持40个组件
多主控(multimastering)
其中任何能够进行发送和接收的设备都可以成为主总线。一个主控能够控制信号的传输和时钟频率。当然，在任何时间点上只能有一个主控。

2.IIC协议

IIC总线在传输数据的过程中一共有三种类型信号，分别为：开始信号、结束信号和应答信号。
开始、结束信号时序图：

应答信号时序图：

发送器每发送一个字节（8个bit），就在时钟脉冲9期间释放数据线，由接收器反馈一个应答信号。
应答信号为低电平时，规定为有效应答位（ACK，简称应答位），表示接收器已经成功地接收了该字节；
应答信号为高电平时，规定为非应答位（NACK），一般表示接收器接收该字节没有成功。

数据发送的完整时序图：

需注意：只有SCL在0时，SDA的高低电平发生改变就不会与开始或终止信号重合。

3.基于IIC协议的模块

SSD1306是一款单片CMOS OLED驱动器。具有有机/聚合物发光控制器二极管点阵图形显示系统。它由128个段和64个公共部分组成。

OLED写指令根据给出的手册可查到：

根据手册我们就可以写出write data。然后我们再根据手册得知。OLED的寻址模式有三种。分别是：水平模式、垂直模式、以及页模式。

列地址的选择：

根据以上原则我们尝试写下代码。在OLED屏幕中显示一个图片。图片用字模软件转换为十六进制码。

#include "reg52.h"
#include "intrins.h"
sbit scl = P0^1;
sbit sda = P0^3;

void Delay5us()		//@11.0592MHz
{
}

void IIC_start_condition()
{
	scl = 0;
	sda = 1;
	scl = 1;
	Delay5us();
	Delay5us();
	sda = 0;
	Delay5us();
	Delay5us();
}

void IIC_end_condition()
{
	scl = 0;
	sda = 0;
	scl = 1;
	Delay5us();
	Delay5us();
	sda = 1;
	Delay5us();
	Delay5us();
}

char IIC_ack_condition()
{
	char flag;
  sda = 1;
	_nop_();
	scl = 1;
	_nop_();
	flag = sda;
	Delay5us();
	Delay5us();
	scl = 0;
	Delay5us();
	Delay5us();
	return flag;
}

void IIC_sendbyte(char data_send)
{
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
	  scl = 0;
	  sda = data_send & 0x80;
	  Delay5us();
		Delay5us();
	  scl = 1;
    Delay5us();
		Delay5us();
	  scl = 0;
	  _nop_();
	  data_send = data_send << 1;
	}
}

void oled_write_cmd(char data_cmd)
{
	IIC_start_condition();
	IIC_sendbyte(0x78);
	IIC_ack_condition();
	IIC_sendbyte(0x00);
	IIC_ack_condition();
	IIC_sendbyte(data_cmd);
	IIC_ack_condition();
	IIC_end_condition();
}

void oled_write_data(char data_data)
{
	IIC_start_condition();
	IIC_sendbyte(0x78);
	IIC_ack_condition();
	IIC_sendbyte(0x40);
	IIC_ack_condition();
	IIC_sendbyte(data_data);
	IIC_ack_condition();
	IIC_end_condition();
}

void oled_init()
{
	oled_write_cmd(0xAE);
	oled_write_cmd(0x00);
	oled_write_cmd(0x10);
	oled_write_cmd(0x40);
	oled_write_cmd(0xB0);
	oled_write_cmd(0x81);
	oled_write_cmd(0xFF);
	oled_write_cmd(0xA1);
	oled_write_cmd(0xA6);
	oled_write_cmd(0xA8);
	oled_write_cmd(0x3F);
	oled_write_cmd(0xC8);
	oled_write_cmd(0xD3);
	oled_write_cmd(0x00);
	oled_write_cmd(0xD5);
	oled_write_cmd(0x80);
	oled_write_cmd(0xD8);
	oled_write_cmd(0x05);
	oled_write_cmd(0xD9);
	oled_write_cmd(0xF1);
	oled_write_cmd(0xDA);
	oled_write_cmd(0x12);
	oled_write_cmd(0xDB);
	oled_write_cmd(0x30);
	oled_write_cmd(0x8D);
	oled_write_cmd(0x14);
	oled_write_cmd(0xAF);
}

void oled_clear()
{
	int i,j;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		 oled_write_cmd(0xB0+i);
		 oled_write_cmd(0x00);
		 oled_write_cmd(0x10);
		for(j=0;j<128;j++)
		{
			 oled_write_data(0);
		}
	}
}
		
code unsigned char bmp_picture[] = {
0x00,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0xE0,0xF0,0xF0,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF0,0xF0,
0xF0,0xE0,0xE0,0x60,0x70,0x70,0x30,0x30,0x38,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x1C,
0x0C,0x1C,0x1C,0x1C,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x60,0x60,0xE0,0xE0,
0xE0,0xF0,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF8,0xF0,0xF0,0xE0,0xC0,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x3E,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x7F,0x1F,0x1F,0x07,0x07,0x03,
0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x01,0x01,0x03,0x07,0x0F,0x1F,0x3F,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x7F,
0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0xF0,0x70,0x30,0x30,0x30,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,
0x40,0xE0,0x70,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x70,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0xF0,0x70,0x30,
0x30,0x70,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x70,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x74,0xFF,0xFF,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xF0,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x70,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x03,0x07,0x0F,0x1F,0xFF,0xFF,0x0F,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xE0,0xF0,
0xF8,0xF8,0xFC,0xFC,0x7E,0x7E,0x7E,0xFE,0xFC,0xF8,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0xF8,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0x7E,0xFE,0xFC,0xF8,
0xF8,0xF0,0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x0F,0xFF,0xFF,0x1F,0x0F,0x07,0x03,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0x60,0x60,0xE0,0x60,0x7F,0x3F,0x02,0x00,
0x38,0x7D,0xFE,0x66,0xE6,0x66,0x76,0x7F,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x7F,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x3F,0x7A,0x60,0xE0,0xE0,0x60,0x78,0x7F,0x7F,
0x00,0x00,0x38,0x7D,0x7F,0xE6,0x46,0x66,0x76,0x7F,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xFF,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3E,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x7F,0x1F,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x60,0xF0,0xF8,
0xF8,0xF8,0xF0,0xF0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x3F,0x7F,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xE0,0xFF,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0x0F,0x1C,0x38,0x60,0xE0,0xC1,0x81,
0x83,0x03,0x03,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0x03,0x83,
0x83,0x83,0xC1,0xE0,0x70,0x38,0x1C,0x0F,0x03,0x80,0x80,0xA0,0xB0,0xB8,0xFC,0xF7,
0xF7,0x92,0x94,0xDC,0xF8,0xD0,0xC0,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC2,0x46,0xFC,0x40,
0x00,0x10,0x70,0xC7,0x9E,0xC0,0xFE,0x1C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF0,
0xA0,0xB0,0xB3,0xFF,0xB2,0x90,0xB0,0xF0,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x80,0x80,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x86,0xB6,0xE6,0x96,0x8E,0x86,0x86,0xC0,0xC0,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,
0x3F,0xFF,0xFF,0x7F,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0x7C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,
0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0xFF,0x7F,0xFF,
0xFF,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x18,0x89,0x8C,0x96,0xB7,0xD5,0xD6,
0xD6,0xD6,0xDF,0xD7,0xCE,0x5C,0x18,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x7F,0xB0,
0xD8,0x6C,0x30,0x19,0x0F,0x1F,0x78,0xE0,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x1F,
0x0C,0x0D,0x0C,0x7F,0xC4,0x84,0x86,0x87,0x80,0xF0,0xF0,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x31,0x60,0xC0,0xFF,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x0F,0x7F,0xF8,0xE1,0xE1,0xC1,0xC1,0x81,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0xC1,0x81,0xC1,0xE1,0xF5,0xFE,0x1F,
0x01,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xC0,0x60,0x60,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x01,0xE1,0xC1,0x61,0x61,0xC1,
0xC1,0x81,0x01,0x01,0xE1,0xE0,0x60,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0x00,0x60,0xF8,0xF8,0x40,0x01,
0xC1,0xE0,0x60,0x60,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x01,0xFD,0xF9,0x00,0xF8,0xFC,0x80,0xC0,0xE0,
0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0xC1,0xC1,0x61,0x61,0x61,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0xC0,
0xE0,0x60,0x60,0x60,0xC0,0x00,0x01,0xE1,0xE0,0x60,0x60,0xE0,0xC0,0x60,0x60,0xE0,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0F,0x0F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x03,0x07,0x03,0x03,
0x03,0x03,0x02,0x03,0x03,0x07,0x0F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x0F,0x07,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0x10,0x30,0x1F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xBC,0x10,0x30,0x1F,
0x1F,0x0F,0x00,0x22,0xFF,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x1F,0x10,0x08,
0x1E,0x1E,0x13,0x1B,0x1F,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x1F,0x00,0x1F,0x1F,0x03,0x07,0x1E,
0x18,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x04,0x0F,0x1D,0x30,0x10,0x10,0x1C,0x1C,0x00,0x0F,
0x1F,0x10,0x30,0x18,0x1F,0x07,0x00,0x1F,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x1F
};

void oled_picture_display(unsigned char *picture)
{
   unsigned char i;
	 unsigned int j;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		 oled_write_cmd(0xB0+i);
		 oled_write_cmd(0x00);
		 oled_write_cmd(0x10);
		for(j=0;j<128;j++)
		{
			 oled_write_data(picture[128*i+j]);
		}
	}
}

void main()
{
	  oled_init();
	  
	 oled_write_cmd(0x20);
	 oled_write_cmd(0x02);
	 oled_clear();
	 
	 oled_picture_display(bmp_picture);
	 while(1);
}