C++Day3作业

1、习题  拷贝赋值

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Person
{
    string const name;
    int age;
    char sex;
public:
    Person():name("zhangsan"){cout << "Person的无参构造" << endl;}
    Person(const string name,int age,char sex):name(name),age(age),sex(sex)
    {cout << "Person的有参构造" << endl;}
     ~Person(){cout<<"Person的析构函数"<<endl;}
    void show()
    {
        cout << "name : " << name << endl;
        cout << "age : " << age << endl;
        cout << "sex : " << sex << endl;
    }
    //实现Person的拷贝构造
    Person(const Person &other):name(other.name),age(other.age),sex(other.sex)
    {}
    //实现Person的拷贝赋值
    Person &operator = (const Person &other)
    {
        //如果传过来的就是类对象本身，不执行赋值操作
        if(&other!=this)
        {
            this->age = other.age;
            this->sex = other.sex;
            cout<<"Person的拷贝赋值函数"<<endl;
        }
        return *this; // 通过this指针返回自身引用
    }
};

class Stu
{
    Person p1;   //Stu类中包含一个Person类对象
    double *p;
public:
    //如果类中包含其他类的子对象，需要在构造函数的初始化列表中显性调用其他类的构造函数，完成其他类空间的构造
    Stu():p(new double){cout<<"Stu的无参构造"<<endl;}
    Stu(string const name,int age,char sex,double score):p1(name,age,sex),p(new double(score))
    {cout << "Stu的有参构造" << endl;}
    ~Stu()
    {
        cout<<"准备释放空间"<<endl;
        delete p;
        cout<<"Stu的析构函数"<<endl;
    }
    void show()
    {
        p1.show();
        cout<<"Stu中的show:"<<*p<<endl;
    }
    //实现Stu的拷贝构造
    Stu(const Stu &other):p(new double(*(other.p))),p1(other.p1)
    {}
    //实现Stu的拷贝赋值
    Stu &operator = (const Stu &other)
    {
        //如果传过来的就是类对象本身，不执行赋值操作
        if(&other!=this)
        {
            this->p1 = other.p1;
            *(this->p) = *(other.p);

            cout<<"Stu的拷贝赋值函数"<<endl;
        }
        return *this; // 通过this指针返回自身引用
    }
};

int main()
{

    Stu s2("zhangsan",20,'m',23.9);
    s2.show();
    Stu s3(s2);
    s3.show();
    cout<<&s2<<endl;
    cout<<&s3<<endl;
    return 0;
}

2、完成类

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;


using namespace std;
class myString
{
    private:
        char *str;          //记录c风格的字符串
        int size;            //记录字符串的实际长度
    public:
        //无参构造
        myString() : str(new char[1]), size(0)
        {
            str[0] = '\0';
            cout<<"无参构造"<<endl;
        }
        //有参构造
        myString(const char* s)
        {
            size = strlen(s);
            str = new char[size + 1];
            strcpy(str, s);
            cout<<"有参构造"<<endl;
        }
        //拷贝构造
        myString(const myString &other)
        {
            size = other.size;
            str = new char[size + 1];
            strcpy(str, other.str);
            cout<<"拷贝构造"<<endl;
        }
        //拷贝赋值函数
        myString& operator=(const myString &other)
        {
             if (this != &other) {
                 delete[] str;
                 size = other.size;
                 str = new char[size + 1];
                 strcpy(str, other.str);
                 cout<<"拷贝赋值"<<endl;
             }
             return *this;
         }
        //析构函数
        ~myString()
        {
               delete[] str;
            cout<<"析构"<<endl;
           }
        //判空函数
        void empty()
        {
            if(size == 0)
            {cout<<"空"<<endl;}
            else
            {cout<<"非空"<<endl;}

        }
        //size函数
        void mysize()
        {
            cout<<"size = "<<size<<endl;
        }
        //c_str函数
        char* c_str()
        {
            return str;
        }
        //at函数
        char &at(int pos)
        {
            if (pos < 0 || pos >= size) {
                cout<<"位置不合法"<<endl;
            }
            return str[pos];
        }
};
int main()
{
    myString s1("hello");
    myString s2 = s1;
    myString s3;
    cout<<s1.at(4)<<endl;
    cout<<s1.c_str()<<endl;
    cout<<s2.at(4)<<endl;
    cout<<s2.c_str()<<endl;
    s2.empty();
    s2.mysize();

    return 0;
}