LINUX-网络编程

一.网络

OSI结构：

 TCP/IP结构：

1.ip地址：唯一标识一台主机

网络号+主机号

 

2.MAC地址：

3.端口号：区分应用程序的编号

4.协议：网络规则的集合

5.ipv4结构：

   

 6.tcp协议头部结构

 7.信息传输过程（包装->分解）

 二.  网络编程

ip+端口号：那一台主机的哪一个应用进程

*头文件：

 

1.虚拟机之间互联

<1>.主机端：

<2>.客户端：

 2. 主机与虚拟机之间互联

  （1）主机为主机端：

<1>.主机端

// ConsoleApptcp.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>   //网络头文件
#include <string.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>  //socklen_t
#include <iostream>


using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")   //网络库文件


//初始化网络库
void InitNetwork() {
	WORD wVersionRequested;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	int err;
	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);

	err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (err != 0)
	{
		return;
	}

}


int main()
{
	InitNetwork();
	SOCKET sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (sockfd == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		cout << "socket err" << endl;
		return 0;
	}

	struct sockaddr_in saddr;
	memset(&saddr, 0, sizeof(saddr));
	saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	saddr.sin_port = htons(6000);
	saddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;

	//saddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_pton(AF_INET,"192.168.1.50",NULL);

	int res = bind(sockfd, (SOCKADDR*)&saddr, sizeof(saddr));
	if (res == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		cout << "bind err" << endl;
		return 0;
	}

	if (listen(sockfd, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		cout << "listen err" << endl;
		return 0;
	}

	while (true)
	{
		//struct sockaddr_in caddr;
		SOCKADDR_IN caddr;
		socklen_t len = sizeof(caddr);

		int c = accept(sockfd, (SOCKADDR*)&caddr, &len);
		if (c == INVALID_SOCKET)
		{
			continue;
		}
		cout << "accept c=" << c << endl;

		char buff[128] = { 0 };

		while (true)
		{
			if (recv(c, buff, 127, 0) <= 0)
			{
				break;
			}

			cout << buff << endl;
			send(c, "ok", 2, 0);
		}

		closesocket(c);

	}

}

<2>.客户端

(2).主机为客户端：

<1>.客户端

#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>   //网络头文件
#include <string.h> 
#include <ws2tcpip.h>  //socklen_t
#include <iostream>


using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")   //网络库文件


//初始化网络库
void InitNetwork() {
	WORD wVersionRequested;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	int err;
	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);

	err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (err != 0)
	{
		return;
	}

}

int main()
{
	InitNetwork();
	SOCKET sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (sockfd == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		cout << "socket err" << endl;
		return 0;
	}

	struct sockaddr_in saddr;
	memset(&saddr, 0, sizeof(saddr));
	saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	saddr.sin_port = htons(6000);
	saddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("192.168.73.128");

	int res = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&saddr, sizeof(saddr));
	if (res == -1)
	{
		cout << "connect err" << endl;
		closesocket(sockfd);
		WSACleanup();
	}

	while (true)
	{
		cout << "input" << endl;
		char buff[128] = { 0 };
		cin >> buff;

		if (strncmp(buff, "end", 3) == 0)
		{
			break;
		}

		send(sockfd, buff, strlen(buff), 0);
		memset(buff, 0, 128);
		recv(sockfd, buff, 127, 0);
		cout << buff << endl;
	}

	closesocket(sockfd);
	WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}

 <2>.主机端：