在Window10下基于Anaconda安装Tensorflow以及Keras并基于Spyder进行验证

环境信息

• Window 10
• Anaconda3（64-bit）

安装目的

安装Keras，并使用Tensorflow作为其后端。也就是说执行完安装后，Keras和Tensorflow都是可以使用的

安装过程

1. 以管理员身份运行Anaconda Prompt。

2. 在默认的base环境中执行安装命令：

   	conda install theano   # keras可以使用theano作为其后端
   	conda install tensorflow
   	conda install keras
   

安装验证

1. 启动Anaconda Navigator
2. 在Home中Launch Spyder（要确认当前Environment为base，有多个虚拟环境时，每个虚拟环境下的Spyder分别是独立安装的）
3. 验证Keras的安装（如下代码来自https://github.com/keras-team/keras/blob/master/examples/mnist_mlp.py）。

• 代码：

      from __future__ import print_function
      
      import keras
      from keras.datasets import mnist
      from keras.models import Sequential
      from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout
      from keras.optimizers import RMSprop
      
      batch_size = 128
      num_classes = 10
      epochs = 20
      
      # the data, split between train and test sets
      (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
      
      x_train = x_train.reshape(60000, 784)
      x_test = x_test.reshape(10000, 784)
      x_train = x_train.astype('float32')
      x_test = x_test.astype('float32')
      x_train /= 255
      x_test /= 255
      print(x_train.shape[0], 'train samples')
      print(x_test.shape[0], 'test samples')
      
      # convert class vectors to binary class matrices
      y_train = keras.utils.to_categorical(y_train, num_classes)
      y_test = keras.utils.to_categorical(y_test, num_classes)
      
      model = Sequential()
      model.add(Dense(512, activation='relu', input_shape=(784,)))
      model.add(Dropout(0.2))
      model.add(Dense(512, activation='relu'))
      model.add(Dropout(0.2))
      model.add(Dense(num_classes, activation='softmax'))
      
      model.summary()
      
      model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy',
                    optimizer=RMSprop(),
                    metrics=['accuracy'])
      
      history = model.fit(x_train, y_train,
                          batch_size=batch_size,
                          epochs=epochs,
                          verbose=1,
                          validation_data=(x_test, y_test))
      score = model.evaluate(x_test, y_test, verbose=0)
      print('Test loss:', score[0])
      print('Test accuracy:', score[1])
  
  

  上述过程会下载minist数据集，下载失败的话，可以手工下载并将其保存为C:\Users\wht.keras\datasets\mnist.npz
• 结果查看：
  

4. 验证Tensorflow的安装。

• 代码：

  
      from __future__ import print_function
      
      import tensorflow as tf
      x = tf.random.normal([2,784])
      w1 = tf.Variable(tf.random.truncated_normal([784, 256], stddev=0.1))
      b1 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([256]))
      o1 = tf.matmul(x,w1) + b1 # 线性变换
      o1 = tf.nn.relu(o1) # 激活函数
      
      
      print('w1:', w1)
      print('b1:', b1)
      print('o1:', o1)
  

• 结果查看：