hsv和余弦相似度的局限

如图，脸部与白背景的hsv值几乎一样，无法区分

  

如下图，白图与baby图的hsv量化直方图余弦相似度为0.95，你信么？ 

而如下图，一个是纯白，一个是中间有红块，但余弦相似度为0.99

clear all; clc; close all; 

%% Read image from file
p1='e:/img/wx.jpg';
p2='e:/img/rc.jpg';

%采用hsv颜色直方图+指数调亮，大幅度提高相似匹配准确率
%下一步考虑把梯度直方图加入进来、平均颜色、最多颜色、前3种颜色？
%以及显著度
 
inImg = imread(p1);
[m,n,c] = size(inImg); 
ratio = 300/(m+n); 

img = imresize(inImg, ratio); 
[m,n,c] = size(img);
%img = im2double(img);
%img = img.^0.5;
im1=img;
hsv = rgb2hsv(img); 
%hsv(:,:,2) = 0;
%hsv(:,:,3) = 0;
%imwrite(hsv, 'd:/hsv.jpg'); 
%figure; imshow(hsv); title('hsv'); 
 
%figure; imshow(img);  title('img'); 
h1 = hsvquan(hsv);
  
inImg = imread(p2);
[m,n,c] = size(inImg); 
ratio = 300/(m+n); 
img = imresize(inImg, ratio); 
img = im2double(img);
%img = img.^0.5;
im2=img;
[m,n,c] = size(img); 

hsv = rgb2hsv(img); 
 
%figure; imshow(img);  title('img'); 
h2 = hsvquan(hsv);

figure; 
subplot(221); imshow(im1); 

%h1 = smooth(h1); 
%h1 = filter(ones(1,2)/2, 1, h1); 
subplot(222); bar(h1); title('hsv量化直方图1'); 
%h2 = filter(ones(1,2)/2, 1, h2); 
subplot(223); imshow(im2); 
subplot(224); bar(h2); title('hsv量化直方图2'); 
%figure; bar(h2); title('hsv量化直方图2'); 
 
 
s1 = sqrt(sum(h1.^2)); 
s2 = sqrt(sum(h2.^2)); 
s0 = sum(h1.*h2); 
%相似度
sim = s0 / s1 / s2 

hsvquan.m

function L=hsvquan(hsv) 
%对HSV进行量化,把3个颜色分量合成为一维特征矢量: 
h=hsv(:,:,1); 
s=hsv(:,:,2); 
v=hsv(:,:,3); 
 
% 如果对HSV 空间进行适当的量化后再计算直方图, 则计算量要少得多. 我们将H , S ,V 3个分量按照人的颜色感知进行非等间隔的量化, 从对颜色模型的大量分析, 我们把 
% 色调H 空间分成8份, 饱和度S 和亮度V 空间分别分成3份, 并根据色彩的不同范围进行量化, 量化后的色 
% 调、饱和度和亮度值分别为H , S ,V. 
h=h*360; 
H=zeros(size(hsv,1),size(hsv,2)); 
H(h>=316|h<=20)=0; 
H(h>=21&h<=40)=1; 
H(h>=41&h<=75)=2; 
H(h>=76&h<=155)=3; 
H(h>=156&h<=190)=4; 
H(h>=191&h<=270)=5; 
H(h>=271&h<=295)=6; 
H(h>=296&h<=351)=7; 
  
S=zeros(size(hsv,1),size(hsv,2)); 
S(s>=0&s<=0.2)=0; 
S(s>0.2&s<=0.7)=1; 
S(s>0.7&s<=1)=2; 
  
V=zeros(size(v)); 
V(v>=0&v<=0.2)=0; 
V(v>0.2&v<=0.7)=1; 
V(v>0.7&v<=1)=2; 
 
 l=9*H+3*S+V; 
 
% L=mat2gray(l); 
% histL=imhist(L,72); 
for i=0:71 
    L(i+1)=numel(l(l==i)); 
end