Hive源码系列（九）编译模块之语义解析 整体分析

​语义解析主要是把AST Tree转化为QueryBlock，那为什么要转成QueryBlock呢？从之前的分析，我们可以看到AST Tree 还是很抽象，并且也不携带表、字段相关的信息，进行语义解析可以将AST Tree分模块存入QueryBlock 并携带对应的元数据信息，为生成逻辑执行计划做准备

简单串一下语义解析

sql编译器的入口：

     BaseSemanticAnalyzer sem = SemanticAnalyzerFactory.get(queryState, tree);
      List<HiveSemanticAnalyzerHook> saHooks =
          getHooks(HiveConf.ConfVars.SEMANTIC_ANALYZER_HOOK,
              HiveSemanticAnalyzerHook.class);
​
      // Flush the metastore cache.  This assures that we don't pick up objects from a previous
      // query running in this same thread.  This has to be done after we get our semantic
      // analyzer (this is when the connection to the metastore is made) but before we analyze,
      // because at that point we need access to the objects.
      Hive.get().getMSC().flushCache();
​
      // Do semantic analysis and plan generation
      if (saHooks != null && !saHooks.isEmpty()) { //hive的hook机制，在hook中实现一些方法来对语句做预判
        HiveSemanticAnalyzerHookContext hookCtx = new HiveSemanticAnalyzerHookContextImpl();
        hookCtx.setConf(conf);
        hookCtx.setUserName(userName);
        hookCtx.setIpAddress(SessionState.get().getUserIpAddress());
        hookCtx.setCommand(command);
        for (HiveSemanticAnalyzerHook hook : saHooks) {
          tree = hook.preAnalyze(hookCtx, tree);
        }
        sem.analyze(tree, ctx);
        hookCtx.update(sem);
        for (HiveSemanticAnalyzerHook hook : saHooks) {
          hook.postAnalyze(hookCtx, sem.getAllRootTasks());
        }
      } else {
        sem.analyze(tree, ctx); //直接进入编译
      }

进入sql编译之前，先判断是不是设置了hive.semantic.analyzer.hook参数，这个是hive的hook机制，在hook中实现一些方法来对语句做预判，具体做法是实现HiveSemanticAnalyzerHook接口，preAnalyze方法和postAnalyze方法会分别在编译之前和之后执行。 在这里，我们更关心编译模块sem.analyze(tree, ctx)。

sem是由BaseSemanticAnalyzer sem = SemanticAnalyzerFactory.get(queryState, tree) 获取。这里用到了java设计模式中的工厂模式:

public static BaseSemanticAnalyzer get(QueryState queryState, ASTNode tree)
      throws SemanticException {
    if (tree.getToken() == null) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Empty Syntax Tree");
    } else {
      HiveOperation opType = commandType.get(tree.getType());
      queryState.setCommandType(opType);
      switch (tree.getType()) {
      case HiveParser.TOK_EXPLAIN:
        return new ExplainSemanticAnalyzer(queryState);
      case HiveParser.TOK_EXPLAIN_SQ_REWRITE:
        return new ExplainSQRewriteSemanticAnalyzer(queryState);
      case HiveParser.TOK_LOAD:
        return new LoadSemanticAnalyzer(queryState);
      case HiveParser.TOK_EXPORT:
        return new ExportSemanticAnalyzer(q