Linux查找某一进程的PID（c语言）

目的：要在程序中检查某一个程序是否执行完毕，所以需要检测这个程序是否在运行状态.

 
 

  
  #include 
  
  <
  
  unistd.h
  
  >
  
  
#include 
  
  <
  
  dirent.h
  
  >
  
  
#include 
  
  <
  
  sys
  
  /
  
  types.h
  
  >
  
   
  
  //
  
   for opendir(), readdir(), closedir()
  
  

  
  #include 
  
  <
  
  sys
  
  /
  
  stat.h
  
  >
  
   
  
  //
  
   for stat()
  
  

  
  #include 
  
  <
  
  stdio.h
  
  >
  
  
#include 
  
  <
  
  stdlib.h
  
  >
  
  
#include 
  
  <
  
  string
  
  .h
  
  >
  
  
#include 
  
  <
  
  stdarg.h
  
  >
  
  


  
  #define
  
   PROC_DIRECTORY "/proc/"
  
  

  
  #define
  
   CASE_SENSITIVE    1
  
  

  
  #define
  
   CASE_INSENSITIVE  0
  
  

  
  #define
  
   EXACT_MATCH       1
  
  

  
  #define
  
   INEXACT_MATCH     0
  
  


  
  //
  
  是不是数字
  
  

  
  int
  
   IsNumeric(
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
   ccharptr_CharacterList)
{
    
  
  for
  
   ( ; 
  
  *
  
  ccharptr_CharacterList; ccharptr_CharacterList
  
  ++
  
  )
        
  
  if
  
   (
  
  *
  
  ccharptr_CharacterList 
  
  <
  
   
  
  '
  
  0
  
  '
  
   
  
  ||
  
   
  
  *
  
  ccharptr_CharacterList 
  
  >
  
   
  
  '
  
  9
  
  '
  
  )
            
  
  return
  
   
  
  0
  
  ; 
  
  //
  
   false
  
  

  
      
  
  return
  
   
  
  1
  
  ; 
  
  //
  
   true
  
  

  
  }


  
  //
  
  intCaseSensitive=0大小写不敏感
  
  

  
  int
  
   strcmp_Wrapper(
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
   
  
  *
  
  s1, 
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
   
  
  *
  
  s2, 
  
  int
  
   intCaseSensitive)
{
    
  
  if
  
   (intCaseSensitive)
        
  
  return
  
   
  
  !
  
  strcmp(s1, s2);
    
  
  else
  
  
        
  
  return
  
   
  
  !
  
  strcasecmp(s1, s2);
}


  
  //
  
  intCaseSensitive=0大小写不敏感
  
  

  
  int
  
   strstr_Wrapper(
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
   haystack, 
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
   needle, 
  
  int
  
   intCaseSensitive)
{
    
  
  if
  
   (intCaseSensitive)
        
  
  return
  
   (
  
  int
  
  ) strstr(haystack, needle);
    
  
  else
  
  
        
  
  return
  
   (
  
  int
  
  ) strcasestr(haystack, needle);
}

pid_t GetPIDbyName_implements(
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
   cchrptr_ProcessName, 
  
  int
  
   intCaseSensitiveness, 
  
  int
  
   intExactMatch)
{
    
  
  char
  
   chrarry_CommandLinePath[
  
  100
  
  ]  ;
    
  
  char
  
   chrarry_NameOfProcess[
  
  300
  
  ]  ;
    
  
  char
  
  *
  
   chrptr_StringToCompare 
  
  =
  
   NULL ;
    pid_t pid_ProcessIdentifier 
  
  =
  
   (pid_t) 
  
  -
  
  1
  
   ;
    
  
  struct
  
   dirent
  
  *
  
   de_DirEntity 
  
  =
  
   NULL ;
    DIR
  
  *
  
   dir_proc 
  
  =
  
   NULL ;

    
  
  int
  
   (
  
  *
  
  CompareFunction) (
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
  , 
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
  , 
  
  int
  
  ) ;

    
  
  if
  
   (intExactMatch)
        CompareFunction 
  
  =
  
   
  
  &
  
  strcmp_Wrapper;
    
  
  else
  
  
        CompareFunction 
  
  =
  
   
  
  &
  
  strstr_Wrapper;


    dir_proc 
  
  =
  
   opendir(PROC_DIRECTORY) ;
    
  
  if
  
   (dir_proc 
  
  ==
  
   NULL)
    {
        perror(
  
  "
  
  Couldn't open the 
  
  "
  
   PROC_DIRECTORY 
  
  "
  
   directory
  
  "
  
  ) ;
        
  
  return
  
   (pid_t) 
  
  -
  
  2
  
   ;
    }

    
  
  //
  
   Loop while not NULL
  
  

  
      
  
  while
  
   ( (de_DirEntity 
  
  =
  
   readdir(dir_proc)) )
    {
        
  
  if
  
   (de_DirEntity
  
  ->
  
  d_type 
  
  ==
  
   DT_DIR)
        {
            
  
  if
  
   (IsNumeric(de_DirEntity
  
  ->
  
  d_name))
            {
                strcpy(chrarry_CommandLinePath, PROC_DIRECTORY) ;
                strcat(chrarry_CommandLinePath, de_DirEntity
  
  ->
  
  d_name) ;
                strcat(chrarry_CommandLinePath, 
  
  "
  
  /cmdline
  
  "
  
  ) ;
                FILE
  
  *
  
   fd_CmdLineFile 
  
  =
  
   fopen (chrarry_CommandLinePath, 
  
  "
  
  rt
  
  "
  
  ) ;  
  
  //
  
  open the file for reading text
  
  

  
                  
  
  if
  
   (fd_CmdLineFile)
                {
                    fscanf(fd_CmdLineFile, 
  
  "
  
  %s
  
  "
  
  , chrarry_NameOfProcess) ; 
  
  //
  
  read from /proc/<NR>/cmdline
  
  

  
                      fclose(fd_CmdLineFile);  
  
  //
  
  close the file prior to exiting the routine
  
  

  
  
                    
  
  if
  
   (strrchr(chrarry_NameOfProcess, 
  
  '
  
  /
  
  '
  
  ))
                        chrptr_StringToCompare 
  
  =
  
   strrchr(chrarry_NameOfProcess, 
  
  '
  
  /
  
  '
  
  ) 
  
  +
  
  1
  
   ;
                    
  
  else
  
  
                        chrptr_StringToCompare 
  
  =
  
   chrarry_NameOfProcess ;

                    
  
  //
  
  printf("Process name: %s\n", chrarry_NameOfProcess);
                    
  
  //
  
  这个是全路径，比如/bin/ls
                    
  
  //
  
  printf("Pure Process name: %s\n", chrptr_StringToCompare );
                    
  
  //
  
  这个是纯进程名，比如ls

                    
  
  //
  
  这里可以比较全路径名，设置为chrarry_NameOfProcess即可
  
  

  
                      
  
  if
  
   ( CompareFunction(chrptr_StringToCompare, cchrptr_ProcessName, intCaseSensitiveness) )
                    {
                        pid_ProcessIdentifier 
  
  =
  
   (pid_t) atoi(de_DirEntity
  
  ->
  
  d_name) ;
                        closedir(dir_proc) ;
                        
  
  return
  
   pid_ProcessIdentifier ;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    closedir(dir_proc) ;
    
  
  return
  
   pid_ProcessIdentifier ;
}

    
  
  //
  
  简单实现
  
  

  
      pid_t GetPIDbyName_Wrapper(
  
  const
  
   
  
  char
  
  *
  
   cchrptr_ProcessName)
    {
            
  
  return
  
   GetPIDbyName_implements(cchrptr_ProcessName, 
  
  0
  
  ,
  
  0
  
  );
  
  //
  
  大小写不敏感
  
  

  
      }


  
  int
  
   main()
{
    pid_t pid 
  
  =
  
   GetPIDbyName_Wrapper(
  
  "
  
  bash
  
  "
  
  ) ; 
  
  //
  
   If -1 = not found, if -2 = proc fs access error
  
  

  
      printf(
  
  "
  
  PID %d\n
  
  "
  
  , pid);
    
  
  return
  
   EXIT_SUCCESS ;
}