HDU1379 DNA Sorting

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最新推荐文章于 2020-12-28 20:27:08 发布

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分类专栏：排序字符串文章标签： acm 字符串排序

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DNA Sorting

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 2379 Accepted Submission(s): 1168

Problem Description

One measure of ``unsortedness'' in a sequence is the number of pairs of entries that are out of order with respect to each other. For instance, in the letter sequence ``DAABEC'', this measure is 5, since D is greater than four letters to its right and E is greater than one letter to its right. This measure is called the number of inversions in the sequence. The sequence ``AACEDGG'' has only one inversion (E and D)--it is nearly sorted--while the sequence ``ZWQM'' has 6 inversions (it is as unsorted as can be--exactly the reverse of sorted).

You are responsible for cataloguing a sequence of DNA strings (sequences containing only the four letters A, C, G, and T). However, you want to catalog them, not in alphabetical order, but rather in order of ``sortedness'', from ``most sorted'' to ``least sorted''. All the strings are of the same length.

This problem contains multiple test cases!

The first line of a multiple input is an integer N, then a blank line followed by N input blocks. Each input block is in the format indicated in the problem description. There is a blank line between input blocks.

The output format consists of N output blocks. There is a blank line between output blocks.

Input

The first line contains two integers: a positive integer n (0 < n <= 50) giving the length of the strings; and a positive integer m (1 < m <= 100) giving the number of strings. These are followed by m lines, each containing a string of length n.

Output

Output the list of input strings, arranged from ``most sorted'' to ``least sorted''. If two or more strings are equally sorted, list them in the same order they are in the input file.

Sample Input

  
  
   
   1

10 6
AACATGAAGG
TTTTGGCCAA
TTTGGCCAAA
GATCAGATTT
CCCGGGGGGA
ATCGATGCAT

Sample Output

  
  
   
   CCCGGGGGGA
AACATGAAGG
GATCAGATTT
ATCGATGCAT
TTTTGGCCAA
TTTGGCCAAA

题目大意：

刚开始看了半天也没看懂什么意思；只知道 “DAABEC‘中的测量数时五个，这五个怎么算的呢，比如’D‘是排在第一位的它后面又四个字母比他小分别是’AABC‘，然后是’E‘它后面有一个字母’C‘比他小，那么它的测量数就是4+1=5；后面给的是一样的；

所以就直接拿题目给的案例看看到底是个什么情况，才发现原来是这样恩；看代码部分的注释有：

才知道题目是要我们求所有逆序数（也就是测量数）的总数的排序；

分析：

知道题目的目的是排序了，那么很简单了，直接排序得到正确结果输出就好了；但是要注意，如果出现两个字符串的逆序数时一样的，怎么办呢。没问题，用冒泡或者选择排序，很稳定的排序直接AC；

还有一点要注意的就是，题目中是考虑到DNA的逆序数的排序所以它给的字母只有 'A C G T'四种；

给出AC代码：

/*
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A C G T                                  
 
 字符                                    逆序数个数；
AACATGAAGG  3+5+2                        10   
TTTTGGCCAA  6+6+6+6+4+4+2+2              36
TTTGGCCAAA  7+7+7+5+5+3+3                37   
GATCAGATTT  4+4+2+1                      11
CCCGGGGGGA  1+1+1+6                      9
ATCGATGCAT  6+2+3+3+2+1                  17

排序后得到的答案    和题目所给的输出答案一样；
CCCGGGGGGA
AACATGAAGG
GATCAGATTT
ATCGATGCAT
TTTTGGCCAA
TTTGGCCAAA

很好的一组测试数据，可以看出sort()和 stable_sort()的差别；
虽然我用sort提交也AC（当然是做了处理的，当有相同的两项比较时的不稳定现象做了处理 cmp函数中return x.count <= y.count; ），但是下面
给的这组测试数据会出问题的；但他能够AC，显然题目所给的数据不够严格；
当然为了处理不出现二义性，就是不出现 return x.count <= y.count;时的错误，我们直接将cmp函数改成这样：
bool cmp(DNA x,DNA y)
{
	if (x.count != y.count)
	return x.count < y.count;
	return false;
}
没问题 一样可以AC而且下面的这组数据也是可以过的 ；

用stable_sort()提交自然没问题，冒泡排序忽略了这种不稳定性，冒泡排序速率上虽然慢点，但是稳定性高；

1
10 6
AAGATAACGG
TTTTGGCCAA
TTTGGCCAAA
GATCAGATTT
CCCGGGGGGA
ATCGATGCAT
*/




#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
struct DNA
{
	string str;
	int count=0;
}va[105];
bool cmp(DNA x,DNA y)
{
	if (x.count != y.count)    //去除sort函数排序带来的不稳定性，也就是相对位置发生的变化;
	return x.count < y.count;
	return false;
	//return x.count <= y.count;
	//return x.count < y.count;  //使用冒泡排序可以用这个；
}
int main()
{
	int t;
	int len;
	int n, m;
	cin >> t;
	while (t--)
	{
		cin >> n >> m;
		for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
		{
			cin >> va[i].str;
		}
		len = va[0].str.length();
		for (int k = 0; k < m; k++)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; i++)
			{
				for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
				{
					if (va[k].str[i]>va[k].str[j])va[k].count++;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	sort(va, va + m, cmp);
	//stable_sort(va, va + m, cmp);//冒泡排序；
	for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
		cout << va[i].str << endl;
	return 0;
}