以下是一个使用 TensorFlow 实现带自注意力机制的卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network, CNN)进行训练和预测的示例代码:
import tensorflow as tf
# 定义模型的超参数
learning_rate = 0.001
epochs = 10
batch_size = 32
# 构建带自注意力机制的卷积神经网络模型
def self_attention_cnn(input_shape, num_classes):
inputs = tf.keras.Input(shape=input_shape)
# 卷积层
x = tf.keras.layers.Conv1D(32, 3, activation='relu')(inputs)
x = tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling1D(2)(x)
x = tf.keras.layers.Conv1D(64, 3, activation='relu')(x)
x = tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling1D(2)(x)
x = tf.keras.layers.Conv1D(128, 3, activation='relu')(x)
x = tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling1D(2)(x)
# 自注意力机制
attention_weights = tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, activation='softmax')(x)
attention_weights = tf.keras.layers.Flatten()(attention_weights)
attention_weights = tf.keras.layers.Softmax()(attention_weights)
attention_weights = tf.keras.layers.Reshape((1, -1))(attention_weights)
x = tf.keras.layers.Dot(axes=[2, 1])([attention_weights, x])
# 全连接层
x = tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu')(x)
x = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5)(x)
x = tf.keras.layers.Dense(num_classes, activation='softmax')(x)
model = tf.keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=x)
return model
# 加载数据集
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = tf.keras.datasets.your_dataset.load_data()
# 预处理数据
x_train = tf.keras.preprocessing.sequence.pad_sequences(x_train)
x_test = tf.keras.preprocessing.sequence.pad_sequences(x_test)
# 构建模型
input_shape = x_train.shape[1:]
num_classes = len(set(y_train))
model = self_attention_cnn(input_shape, num_classes)
# 编译模型
model.compile(optimizer=tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate),
loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(),
metrics=['accuracy'])
# 训练模型
model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=batch_size, epochs=epochs, validation_data=(x_test, y_test))
# 预测数据
predictions = model.predict(x_test)
在上述代码中,你需要根据你的具体数据集,自定义加载数据集的部分(tf.keras.datasets.your_dataset.load_data()
)。其余代码构建了一个具有自注意力机制的卷积神经网络模型,并使用 Adam 优化器进行训练和预测。