grep && 正则表达式

今天仔细研究了grep，

例如：文件bookword中

there is a book

there is a book.

there is a book'

there is a book)

there is a 'book

there is a 'book.

there is a (book.

there are some books.

there are some 'books.

there is a handbook.

book

books

handbook

如果只想匹配 book. ，

$ grep -n "[ ]book[.]" bookword

如果想匹配所有的book，

$ grep -n "/<book/>" bookword

 

这里有几个知识点

 

1. 精确匹配 /< 和 /> 可以去掉如"handbook" 或者"books"这样的单词

 

2. [“[{(]可以用在单词前，用于匹配符号+单词这样的组合， 如: grep  "[（]book" bookword

there is a (book.

 

3. []})"?!.,;:'s]， 可以用于单词后，用于匹配符号+单词，单词复数 如 grep "book[.]" bookword

there is a book.

there is a 'book.

there is a (book.

there is a handbook.

 

4. (^|空格) 可以匹配单词在行的开始或者一个空格.

5. (空格|$) 可以匹配单词在行的结尾或者一个空格.