poj 3311 Hie with the Pie(状压 经典TSP）@

Hie with the Pie

Time Limit:2000MS     Memory Limit:65536KB     64bit IO Format:%lld & %llu

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Description

The Pizazz Pizzeria prides itself in delivering pizzas to its customers as fast as possible. Unfortunately, due to cutbacks, they can afford to hire only one driver to do the deliveries. He will wait for 1 or more (up to 10) orders to be processed before he starts any deliveries. Needless to say, he would like to take the shortest route in delivering these goodies and returning to the pizzeria, even if it means passing the same location(s) or the pizzeria more than once on the way. He has commissioned you to write a program to help him.

Input

Input will consist of multiple test cases. The first line will contain a single integer n indicating the number of orders to deliver, where 1 ≤ n ≤ 10. After this will be n + 1 lines each containing n + 1 integers indicating the times to travel between the pizzeria (numbered 0) and the n locations (numbers 1 to n). The jth value on the ith line indicates the time to go directly from location i to location j without visiting any other locations along the way. Note that there may be quicker ways to go from i to j via other locations, due to different speed limits, traffic lights, etc. Also, the time values may not be symmetric, i.e., the time to go directly from location i to j may not be the same as the time to go directly from location j to i. An input value of n = 0 will terminate input.

Output

For each test case, you should output a single number indicating the minimum time to deliver all of the pizzas and return to the pizzeria.

Sample Input

3
0 1 10 10
1 0 1 2
10 1 0 10
10 2 10 0
0

Sample Output

8

题意：一个送外卖的人，要将外卖全部送去所有地点再回到店离，求最短路
首先用floyd求出最短路，然后再进行DP即可
dp[i][j]表示i这个状态下，目标是j的最短路，i是用二进制表示每个地点是否去过 

给定一系列点,求从0点出发，走完其它点，可以重复走，回到0点的最短路程.
假设n==4,那么点为0，1，2，3；
路径可能为0 1 2 3 0
        0 3 2 1 0
        0 3 1 2 0
     。。。。。。。 等等,
其实就是1到n-1的排列组合，每次有n-1中选择，需要算出每种状态的值，找到最小值，我们可以设到达j点，已经经过了s，s表示经过点的集合。
采用顺推的写法 dp[s | (1 <<k) ][k]=min(dp[s][j]+d[j][k],dp[s | (1<<k)][k]);

这题处理时需要一些技巧，因为开始 从  Pizzeria    出发所以将DP数组初始化为-1，起点为0,在可以达到的状态更新未达到的状态，因为要求终点也为 Pizzeria   所以开二维数组标记当前所在更新点，，，在可以达到的状态跟新不同的当前点，有点像最短路，，，需要理解其中含义，，。。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
const int N = 13;
int a[N][N], dp[1<<N][N];
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;


int main()
{
    int n;
    while(scanf("%d", &n),n)
    {
        for(int i=0;i<=n;i++)
        {
            for(int j=0;j<=n;j++)
            {
                scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
            }
        }
        for(int k=0;k<=n;k++)
        {
            for(int i=0;i<=n;i++)
            {
                for(int j=0;j<=n;j++)
                {
                    if(a[i][j]>a[i][k]+a[k][j])
                        a[i][j]=a[i][k]+a[k][j];
                }
            }
        }
        n++;
        memset(dp,-1,sizeof(dp));
        dp[1][0]=0;
        for(int i=1;i<(1<<(n));i++)
        {
            for(int j=0;j<=n;j++)
            {
                if(!(i&(1<<j))||dp[i][j]==-1)
                    continue;
                for(int k=0;k<=n;k++)
                {
                    if(j==k)
                        continue;
                    int state=i|(1<<k);
                    if(dp[state][k]==-1||dp[state][k]>dp[i][j]+a[j][k])
                          dp[state][k]=dp[i][j]+a[j][k];
                }
            }
        }
        printf("%d\n",dp[(1<<(n))-1][0]);
    }
    return 0;
}