Asymptotic notation 渐进符号
Θ-notation - Asymptotic tight bound
读法:Θ(n2) - pronounced "theta of n-squared".
意义: For a given function g( n), we denote by Θ( g( n)) the set of functions
读法:Θ(n2) - pronounced "theta of n-squared".
意义: For a given function g( n), we denote by Θ( g( n)) the set of functions
Θ(
g(
n)) = {
f(
n) : there exist positive constants
c
1,
c
2, and
n
0 such that 0
≤
c
1
g(
n)
≤
f(
n)
≤
c
2
g(
n) for all
n
≥
n
0}.
(Within set notation, a colon should be read as "such that.")
(Within set notation, a colon should be read as "such that.")
O -notation - Asymptotic upper bound
读法: O( g( n)) - pronounced "big-oh of g of n" or sometimes just "oh of g of n".
意义: For a given function g( n), we denote by O( g( n)) the set of functions
O(
g(
n)) = {
f(
n): there exist positive constants
c and
n
0 such that 0
≤
f(
n)
≤
cg(
n) for all
n
≥
n
0}.
Ω -notation - Asymptotic lower bound
读法: Ω( g( n)) - pronounced "big-omega of g of n" or sometimes just "omega of g of n")
意义:For a given function g( n), we denote by Ω( g( n)) the set of functions
Ω(
g(
n)) = {
f(
n): there exist positive constants
c and
n
0 such that 0
≤
cg(
n)
≤
f(
n) for all
n
≥
n
0}.
Monotonicity 单调性
A function
f(
n) is
monotonically increasing if
m
≤
n implies
f(
m)
≤
f(
n).
A function f(n) is monotonically decreasing if m ≤ n implies f( m) ≥ f( n).
A function f( n) is strictly increasing if m < n implies f( m) < f( n).
A function f(n) is strictly decreasing if m < n implies f( m) > f( n).
A function f(n) is monotonically decreasing if m ≤ n implies f( m) ≥ f( n).
A function f( n) is strictly increasing if m < n implies f( m) < f( n).
A function f(n) is strictly decreasing if m < n implies f( m) > f( n).
Floors and Ceiling 底和顶
For any real number x, we denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x by ⌊x⌋ (read "the floor of x") and the least integer greater than or equal to x by ⌈x⌉ (read "the ceiling of x"). For all real x,