在上世纪50-60年代,国内数学教育“全盘苏化”的深远影响至今犹存,尤其是在微积分学的教学中的影响特别严重,例如,普通高校十一五国家级规划教材基本上就是以原苏联菲氏微积分教程为“模板”。
原苏联微积分学把微积分学基本定理视为“基本公式”(牛顿-莱布尼兹公式),其“重心”是数学计算,而不是数学概念或理论。
进入上世纪60年代,数理逻辑模型论兴起。从此以后,数学家们所关注的问题是:数学基础中是不是“矛盾”?所以,微积分学教课书中的概念陈述必须准确无误。
进入二十一世纪,微积分学基本定理的“模板”是:
FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF CALCULUS
Suppose f is continuous on its domain, which is an open interval I.
(i) For each point a in I, the definite integral of ∫f(t)dt om a to x considered as a function of x is an antiderivative of f, That is,
d(∫ f(t) dt) = f(x) dx.
(ii) If F is any antideriuative of f; then for any two points (a, b) in I the definite integral of ∫ f(t)dt
on a to b is equal to the difference F(b) - F(a), ∫ f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a).
The Fundamental Therem of Calculus is important for two reasons.
First,it shows the relation between the two main notions of calculus: the derivative, which
corresponds to velocity, and the integral, which corresponds to area. It shows that differentiation and integration are "inverse" processes.
Second, it gives a simplemethod for computing many definite integrals.
我希望,00后大学生不再是传统极限论微积分的“跟屁虫”,能够放眼世界看未来。
袁萌 7月21日