LeetCode算法题集-406. Queue Reconstruction by Height（通过高重建队列）

假设你有条随机队列，每个人被描述为一对数字（h,k），其中h是该人的高，k是在该人前面且高大于等于h的人的数量。要求按以上规则去重建这条队列。

英语原文：

Suppose you have a random list of people standing in a queue. Each person is described by a pair of integers (h, k), where h is the height of the person and k is the number of people in front of this person who have a height greater than or equal to h. Write an algorithm to reconstruct the queue.

注:
人数少于 1,100.

例子：

输入:
[[7,0], [4,4], [7,1], [5,0], [6,1], [5,2]]

输出:
[[5,0], [7,0], [5,2], [6,1], [4,4], [7,1]]

解答：

效率最高的版本：

struct node{
    pair<int, int>val;
    int count;
    node*left, *right;
    node(pair<int, int>n)
    {
        val = n;
        count = 0;
        left = NULL, right = NULL;
    }
};
class Solution {
public:
    vector<pair<int, int>> reconstructQueue(vector<pair<int, int>>& people) {
        auto cmp = [](pair<int, int>a, pair<int, int>b){return a.first==b.first?a.second<b.second:a.first>b.first;};
        sort(people.begin(), people.end(), cmp);
        vector<pair<int,int>>ans;
        node* root = NULL;
        for(auto temp:people)
        {
            insert(root, temp.second+1, temp);
        }
        ans = tra(root);
        return ans;
    }
    void insert(node* &root, int n, pair<int, int>val)
    {
        if(!root)root = new node(val);
        else if(n>(root->count+1))insert(root->right, n - root->count-1, val);
        else root->count++, insert(root->left, n, val);
    }
    vector<pair<int, int>> tra(node* root)
    {
        vector<pair<int, int>>ans;
        stack<node*>sta;
        while(!sta.empty()||root)
        {
            if(root)
            {
                sta.push(root);
                root = root->left;
            }
            else
            {
                root = sta.top();
                sta.pop();
                ans.push_back(root->val);
                root = root->right;
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

最简洁的版本：

class Solution {
public:
    vector<pair<int, int>> reconstructQueue(vector<pair<int, int>>& people) {
        auto comp = [](const pair<int, int>& p1, const pair<int, int>& p2)
                        { return p1.first > p2.first || (p1.first == p2.first && p1.second < p2.second); };
        sort(people.begin(), people.end(), comp);
        vector<pair<int, int>> res;
        for (auto& p : people) 
            res.insert(res.begin() + p.second, p);
        return res;
    }
};