程序结构:
学生字典类(S0001):
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
namespace Dictionary.Class.S0001
{
/// <summary>
/// 学生小字典
/// </summary>
public class StudentDict
{
/// <summary>
/// 教师名
/// </summary>
private string Teacher = "张老师";
/// <summary>
/// 类名称
/// </summary>
public string ClassName = "高三(1)班";
/// <summary>
/// 简单字典类型
/// </summary>
public Dictionary<string, string> AttributeDict = new Dictionary<string, string>();
/// <summary>
/// 教师名称
/// </summary>
public string TeacherName
{
get { return Teacher; }
set { Teacher = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
public StudentDict()
{
AttributeDict.Add("01", "张三");
AttributeDict.Add("02", "李四");
AttributeDict.Add("03", "王五");
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据序号查询姓名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strCode"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetStuNameByCode(string strCode)
{
return AttributeDict[strCode];
}
}
}
学生字典类:(S0002)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
namespace Dictionary.Class.S0002
{
/// <summary>
/// 学生小字典
/// </summary>
public class StudentDict
{
/// <summary>
/// 教师名
/// </summary>
private string Teacher = "曹老师";
/// <summary>
/// 类名称
/// </summary>
public string ClassName = "高三(2)班";
/// <summary>
/// 简单字典类型
/// </summary>
public Dictionary<string, string> AttributeDict = new Dictionary<string, string>();
/// <summary>
/// 教师名称
/// </summary>
public string TeacherName
{
get { return Teacher; }
set { Teacher = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
public StudentDict()
{
AttributeDict.Add("01", "赵六");
AttributeDict.Add("02", "钱七");
AttributeDict.Add("03", "周八");
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据序号查询姓名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strCode"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetStuNameByCode(string strCode)
{
return AttributeDict[strCode];
}
}
}
Programe主类:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Reflection;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Assembly assembly = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Type type = assembly.GetType("Dictionary.Class.S0002.StudentDict"); //命名空间名 + 类名
object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(type, true);
try
{
FieldInfo classField = type.GetField("ClassName");
Console.WriteLine("班级名称:" + classField.GetValue(obj).ToString());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t班级名称获取失败:" + ex.Message);
}
try
{
PropertyInfo TeaNameProperty = type.GetProperty("TeacherName");
Console.WriteLine("\t教师姓名:" + TeaNameProperty.GetValue(obj, null).ToString());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t教师姓名获取失败:" + ex.Message);
}
foreach (FieldInfo field in type.GetFields())
{
try
{
if (field.Name == "AttributeDict")
{
Dictionary<string, string> dict = field.GetValue(obj) as Dictionary<string, string>;
foreach (string key in dict.Keys)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\t学号:{0} -> 姓名:{1}", key, dict[key]);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message.ToString());
}
}
MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod("GetStuNameByCode");
string strStuName = (string)method.Invoke(obj, new string[] { "02" });
Console.WriteLine("\t\t学号【{0}】 的学生姓名为:{1}","02",strStuName);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
首先我必须承认访问一个类的私有成员不是什么好做法。大家也都知道私有成员在外部是不能被访问的。而一个类中会存在很多私有成员:如私有字段、私有属性、私有方法。对于私有成员访问,可以套用下面这种非常好的方式去解决。
private string name;public string Name{ get { return name; } set { name = value; }}
但是有时候,源代码是别人的,你就不能修改源代码,只提供给你dll。或者你去维护别人的代码,源代码却有丢失。这样的情况如果你想知道私有成员的值,甚至去想直接调用类里面的私有方法。那怎么办呢?其实在.net中访问私有成员不是很难,这篇文章提供几个简单的方法让你如愿以偿。
为了让代码用起来优雅,使用扩展方法去实现。
1、得到私有字段的值:
public static T GetPrivateField<T>(this object instance, string fieldname){ BindingFlags flag = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic; Type type = instance.GetType(); FieldInfo field = type.GetField(fieldname, flag); return (T)field.GetValue(instance);}
2、得到私有属性的值:
public static T GetPrivateProperty<T>(this object instance, string propertyname){ BindingFlags flag = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic; Type type = instance.GetType(); PropertyInfo field = type.GetProperty(propertyname, flag); return (T)field.GetValue(instance, null);}
3、设置私有成员的值:
public static void SetPrivateField(this object instance, string fieldname, object value)
{
BindingFlags flag = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic;
Type type = instance.GetType();
FieldInfo field = type.GetField(fieldname, flag);
field.SetValue(instance, value);
}
4、设置私有属性的值:
public static void SetPrivateProperty(this object instance, string propertyname, object value)
{
BindingFlags flag = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic;
Type type = instance.GetType();
PropertyInfo field = type.GetProperty(propertyname, flag);
field.SetValue(instance, value, null);
}
5、调用私有方法:
public static T CallPrivateMethod<T>(this object instance, string name, params object[] param)
{
BindingFlags flag = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic;
Type type = instance.GetType();
MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod(name, flag);
return (T)method.Invoke(instance, param);
}
测试:
下面我们使用一个测试类,进行测试。新建一个类库项目,测试的类代码如下:
public class TestClass{ public TestClass() { privatefield1 = 1; privatefield2 = 99; PrivateFieldA = "Lo"; PrivateFieldB = "ve"; } private int privatefield1; private int privatefield2; private string PrivateFieldA { get; set; } private string PrivateFieldB { get; set; } private int Add() { return privatefield1 + privatefield2; } private string Join() { return PrivateFieldA + PrivateFieldB; }}
将上面类库的dll引入控制台项目中。使用下面代码去使用这个类的私有成员:
TestClass obj = new TestClass();System.Console.WriteLine("私有字段");System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateField<int>("privatefield1"));System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateField<int>("privatefield2"));System.Console.WriteLine("私有属性");System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateProperty<string>("PrivateFieldA"));System.Console.WriteLine(obj.GetPrivateProperty<string>("PrivateFieldB"));System.Console.WriteLine("私有方法");System.Console.WriteLine(obj.CallPrivateMethod<int>("Add",null));System.Console.WriteLine(obj.CallPrivateMethod<string>("Join", null));System.Console.WriteLine("修改私有属性");obj.SetPrivateProperty("PrivateFieldA", "hello");obj.SetPrivateProperty("PrivateFieldB", "world");System.Console.WriteLine(obj.CallPrivateMethod<string>("Join", null));System.Console.Read();