1、try后跟运行的代码,except后跟可能出的错误及处理方法,else后跟未出错时的处理方法。
print("————————————————计算器————————————————————")
print("输入q退出")
while True:
first_number=input("\n被除数")
if first_number=='q':
break
second_number=input("除数")
if second_number=='q':
break
try:
answer=int(first_number)/int(second_number)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("除数不能为零")
except ValueError:
print("被除数或除数不能为空")
else:
print(str(first_number)+"/"+str(second_number)+"="+str(answer))
print("———————————————退出计算机———————————————————")
2、方法split()以空格为分隔符将字符分拆成多个部分,并将这些部分都储存到一个列表中。结果是一个包含字符串中所有单词的列表,虽然有些单词可能包含标点。
filename="双城记.txt"
try:
with open(filename,encoding='gb18030',errors='ignore') as f_obj:
contents=f_obj.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
print('抱歉,文件"'+filename+'"不存在')
else:
words=contents.split()
num_words=len(words)
print(filename.replace('.txt','')+'中大概有'+str(num_words)+'个单词')
3、失败时一声不吭用pass
def count_words(filename):
try:
with open(filename,encoding='gb18030',errors='ignore') as f_obj:
contents=f_obj.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
pass
else:
words=contents.split()
num_words=len(words)
print(filename.replace('.txt','')+
'中大概有'+str(num_words)+'个单词')
filenames=['双城记.txt','塞巴斯托波尔.txt','爱丽丝在仙境.txt','傲慢与偏见.txt']
for filename in filenames:
count_words(filename)