opencv学习之数据结构与数据操作

基础结构

• CvPoint

//CvPoint定义基于二维坐标的点
typedef struct CvPoint{
    int x;
    int y;
}CvPoint;
//构造函数
inline CvPoint cvPoint(int x,int y);
//从CvPoint2D32f转换而来
inline cvPoint cvPointFrom32f(CvPoint2D32f point);
CvPoint pt1,pt2;
pt1.x = 233;
pt1.y = 133;
pt2.x = 324;
pt2.y = 200;

• CvPoint2D32f

//定义基于二维浮点坐标的点
typedef struct CvPoint2D32f{
    float x;
    float y;
}CvPoint2D32f;
//构造函数
inline CvPoint2D32f cvPoint2D32f(double x,double y);
inline CvPoint2D32f cvPointTo32f(CvPoint point);

• CvPoint3D32f

//定义基于三维浮点坐标的点
typedef struct CvPoint3D32f{
    float x;
    float y;
    float z;
}CvPoint3D32f;
//构造函数
inline CvPoint3D32f cvPoint3D32f(double x,double y,double z);

• CvSize

//以像素为单位定义矩形框大小
typedef struct CvSize{
    int width;
    int height;
}CvSize;
inline CvSize cvSize(int width,int height);

• CvSize2D32f

//以亚像素定义矩形框大小
typedef struct CvSize2D32f{
    float width;
    float height;
}CvSize2D32f;
inline CvSize2D32f cvSize2D32f(double width,double height);

• CvRect

//定义矩形框的偏移和大小
typedef struct CvRect{
    int x;
    int y;
    int width;
    int height;
}CvRect;
incline CvRect cvRect(...);

• CvScalar

//定义可以存放1-4个数值的数组
typedef struct CvScalar{
    double val[4];
}CvScalar;
//赋值初始化
inline CvScalar cvScalar(double val0,double val1,double val2,double val3);
inline CvScalar cvScalarAll(double val0123);
inline CvScalar cvRealScalar(double val0,0,0,0);

• CvTermCriteria

//定义迭代算法的终止准则
#define CV_TERMCRIT_ITER 1
#define CV_TERMCRIT_NUMBER CV_TERMCRIT_ITER
#define CV_TERMCRIT_EPS 2
typedef struct CvTermCriteria{
    int type;
    int max_iter;//最大迭代次数
    double epsilon;//精确度
}CvTermCriteria;

• CvMat

//定义多通道矩阵
typedef struct CvMat{
    int type;
    int step;
    int* refcount;
    union{
        uchar* ptr;
        short* s;
        int* i;
        float* fl;
        double* db;
    }data;//data指针
    #ifdef_cplusplus
    union{
        int rows;
        int height;
    };
    union{
        int cols;
        int width;
    };
    #else
    int rows;
    int cols;
    #endif
}CvMat;

• CvMatND

//定义多维、多通道稠密数组
typedef struct CvMatND{
    int type;
    int dims;//数组维数
    int* refcount;//数据参考计数
    union{
        uchar* ptr;
        short* s;
        int* i;
        float* fl;
        double* db;
    }data;
    struct{
        int size;
        int step;
    }dim[CV_MAX_DIM];
}CvMatND;

• CvSparseMat

//定义多维、多通道稀疏数组
typedef ...{
    int type;
    int dims;
    int* refcount;
    struct CvSet* heap;//哈希表节点池
    void** hashtable;
    int hashsize;
    int total;//数组节点数
    int valoffset;//数组节点值在字节中的偏移
    int idxoffset;//节点索引偏移
    int size[CV_MAX_DIM];//维数大小
}CvSparseMat;

• IplImage

//定义图像的头部
typedef struct _IplImage{
    int nSize;//大小
    int ID;
    int nChannels;
    int alphaChannel;
    int depth;//像素位数
    char colorMode[4];
    char channelSeq[4];
    int dataOrder;//交叉、分开的颜色通道
    int origin;
    int align;//对齐方式
    int width;
    int height;
    struct _IplROI* roi;
    struct _IplImage* maskROI;
    void* imageld;
    struct _IplTileInfo* tileInfo;
    int imageSize;
    char* imageData;
    int widthStep;
    int BorderMode[4];
    int BorderConst[4];
    char* imageDataOrigin;
}IplImage;

• CvArr

//定义不明确的数组
typedef void CvArr;

数组操作

初始化

• CreateImage

//创建图像头，并分配数据
IplImage* cvCreateImage(CvSize size,int depth,int channels);

• CreateImageHeader

//分配和初始化图像头，并且返回指向IplImage结构的指针
IplImage* cvCreateImageHeader(CvSize size,int depth,int channels);

• ReleaseImageHeader

cvReleaseImageHeader(IplImage** image);

• ReleaseImage

//释放头和数据
cvReleaseImage(IplImage** image);

• InitImageHeader

//初始化并返回指针
IplImage* cvInitImageHeader(IplImage* image,CvSize size,int depth,int channels,int origin=0,int align=4);
//origin取值IPL_ORIGIN_TL或IPL_ORIGIN_BL
//align表