AndroidSdk源码分析之--LayoutInflater加载生成View树的过程

LayoutInflater在Android中叫做布局管理器，很多时候我们都会用到LayoutInflater来加载指定的布局,然而，我对Android的UI加载View部分的源码进行了学习，也发现了，最终我们的布局也是通过 mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);进行渲染进去的

• PhoneWindow.java类

没错，就是上面的mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent)，至于mLayoutInflater的初始化是在PhoneWindow的构造方法里面实现的，这里就不贴出来了，很简单。

下面我们点进这个方法看看做了些什么事情？

• LayoutInflater.java

  注意：这个类是一个抽象类，具体的实现，我们一会再说

这里我们需要注意一下最后一个参数attachToRoot:root != null，而我们前面root是有值的mContentParent,所以这个值为true。

接下来，我们继续跟下去

final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource); 通过res.getLayout(resource)来查找参数resource所描述的UI布局文件

• Resources.java

参数id描述的是一个资源ID，TypeValue value = obtainTempTypedValue();来获得ID所对应的资源值，并且保存在一个类型为TypedValue的变量value中。

后面的就暂时不看了，反正就是解析读取处理XML布局，然后返回一个XmlResourceParser对象

现在我们看第三张截图里面的 return inflate(parser,root,attachToRoot),点进去看看

• LayoutInflater.java

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

            final Context inflaterContext = mContext;
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;
            View result = root;

            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }

                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": No start tag found!");
                }

                final String name = parser.getName();

                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }

                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }

                    rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }

                    // Inflate all children under temp against its context.
                    rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }

                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }

                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }

            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(e.getMessage(), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            } finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;

                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
            }

            return result;
        }
    }

上面的代码那么多，我们来结合图来具体说明一下

下面就是看一下rInflate方法

void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,
            AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {

        final int depth = parser.getDepth();
        int type;
        boolean pendingRequestFocus = false;

        while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
                parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {

            if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                continue;
            }

            final String name = parser.getName();

            if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
                pendingRequestFocus = true;
                consumeChildElements(parser);
            } else if (TAG_TAG.equals(name)) {
                parseViewTag(parser, parent, attrs);
            } else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
                if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
                    throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
                }
                parseInclude(parser, context, parent, attrs);
            } else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
            } else {
                final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
                final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
                final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);
                viewGroup.addView(view, params);
            }
        }

        if (pendingRequestFocus) {
            parent.restoreDefaultFocus();
        }

        if (finishInflate) {
            parent.onFinishInflate();
        }
    }

里面有两处关键点，分别是

• rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true); 顾明思议就是递归的解析出来所有的子View,然后直接调用parent.onFinishInflate(),表明遍历完结，然后就会在栈中一步步的向上调用 parent.onFinishInflate()方法来通知父容器，本View已经解析完成.

• createViewFromTag(…)负责根据指定的 name 生成具体的 View

• viewGroup.addView(view, params)，该句负责把每次解析出来的 View 都添加进本次的根 ViewGroup 中，这样最终会将其下所有的子 View 都添加进来。

我们就将 LayoutInflate 解析 xml ，从而生成 View树 的过程讲解完了，当然，具体的内容还有很多，接下来我会一步步的去讲解，在本篇中的一些迷惑，你也会一一解开。