keras实战-猫狗数据-VGG16

原理图

预处理

图片的预处理就是每一个像素减去了均值，算是比较简单的处理

卷积核

整体使用的卷积核都比较小（3x3），3x3是可以表示「左右」、「上下」、「中心」这些模式的最小单元了。
还有比较特殊的1x1的卷积核（Inception-v1也有这个东西），可看做是空间的线性映射。

前面几层是卷积层的堆叠，后面几层是全连接层，最后是softmax层。所有隐层的激活单元都是ReLU，论文中会介绍好几个网络结构，只有其中一个应用了局部响应归一化层（Local Response Normalisation）。

使用多个较小卷积核的卷积层代替一个卷积核较大的卷积层，一方面可以减少参数，另一方面作者认为相当于是进行了更多的非线性映射，可以增加网络的拟合/表达能力

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on 2019/7/30 19:31
@Author: Johnson
@Email:593956670@qq.com
@File: catvsdog-02.py
"""
import os
import numpy as np
from keras.models import Sequential,Model
from keras import layers
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from keras import optimizers
from keras.applications.vgg16 import VGG16
from keras.utils.np_utils import to_categorical
from scipy.misc import imread,imresize
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

imgs = []
labels = []
img_shape = (150,150)
#image generator
files = os.listdir('data/test')
#read 1000 files for the generator
for img_file in files[:10000]:
    img = imread("data/test"+img_file).astype("float32")
    img = imresize(img,img_shape)
    imgs.append(img)


imgs = np.array(imgs)

train_gen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rescale=1./255.,
    featurewise_center=True,
    featurewise_std_normalization=True,
    rotation_range=20,
    width_shift_range=0.2,
    height_shift_range=0.2,
horizontal_flip=True
)
val_gen = ImageDataGenerator(
     # rescale = 1./255,
     featurewise_center=True,
     featurewise_std_normalization=True)

train_gen.fit(imgs)
val_gen.fit(imgs)

#4500 training images
train_iter = train_gen.flow_from_directory("data/train",classes="binary",target_size=img_shape,batch_size=16)
#501 validation images
val_iter = val_gen.flow_from_directory("data/val",classes="binary",target_size=img_shape,batch_size=16)
'''
# image generator debug
for x_batch, y_batch in img_iter:
    print(x_batch.shape)
    print(y_batch.shape)
    plt.imshow(x_batch[0])
    plt.show()
'''
#######
#创建模型
#######

#finetune from the base model VGG16
base_model = VGG16(include_top=False,weights='imagenet',input_shape=(150,150,3))
base_model.summary()

out = base_model.layers[-1].output
out = layers.Flatten()(out)
out = layers.Dense(1024,activation="relu")(out)
#因为前面输出的dense feature 太多了，我们这里加入Dropout，layer来防止过拟合
out = layers.Dropout(0.5)(out)
out = layers.Dense(512, activation='relu')(out)
out = layers.Dropout(0.3)(out)
out = layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')(out)
tuneModel = Model(inputs=base_model.input, outputs = out)
for layer in tuneModel.layers[:19]: # freeze the base model only use it as feature extractors
    layer.trainable = False
tuneModel.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer=optimizers.RMSprop(lr=1e-4),
        metrics=['acc'])

history = tuneModel.fit_generator(
        generator=train_iter,
        steps_per_epoch=100,
        epochs=100,
        validation_data=val_iter,
        validation_steps=32
        )

acc = history.history['acc']
val_acc = history.history['val_acc']
loss = history.history['loss']
val_loss = history.history['val_loss']
epochs = range(1,101)
plt.plot(epochs, acc, 'bo', label='Training acc')
plt.plot(epochs, val_acc, 'r', label='Validation acc')
plt.legend()
plt.figure()
plt.plot(epochs, loss, 'bo', label='Training loss')
plt.plot(epochs, val_loss, 'r', label='Validation loss')
plt.legend()
plt.show()