【OpenCV-Python】教程：1-4 鼠标交互事件

【目标】

• 学会用OpenCV处理鼠标事件
• 学会调用和编写鼠标的回调函数

【代码】

鼠标左键双击画圆

### 鼠标左键双击画圆
import numpy as np
import cv2

# 创建一个黑色的图像和定义一个窗口
img = np.zeros((512, 512, 3), np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')

# 鼠标左键画蓝色的圆
def draw_circle(event, x, y, flags, param):
    if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
        cv2.circle(img, (x, y), 100, (255, 0, 0), -1)

# 设置鼠标的回调函数
cv2.setMouseCallback('image', draw_circle)

# 按 ESC 键退出
while (1):
    cv2.imshow('image', img)
    if cv2.waitKey(20) & 0xFF == 27:
        break

# 销毁窗口
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

画矩形和画圆进行模式切换, 按 m 进行模式切换

# 画矩形和画圆，可以通过 m 切换模式
import numpy as np
import cv2

img = np.zeros((512, 512, 3), np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')

# 如果鼠标按下为 True
drawing = False 

# 模式选择，如果为 True画矩形，否则画圆
mode = True
ix,iy = -1,-1
rectLineThinkness = 5

# 鼠标的回调函数
def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    global ix,iy,drawing,mode
    if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        drawing = True
        ix,iy = x,y
    elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE:
        if drawing == True:
            if mode == True:
                cv2.rectangle(img, (ix, iy), (x, y),
                            (0, 255, 0), rectLineThinkness)
            else:
                cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(0,0,255),-1)
    elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        drawing = False
        if mode == True:
            cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0), rectLineThinkness)
        else:
            cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(0,0,255),-1)

cv2.setMouseCallback('image', draw_circle)

while (1):
    cv2.imshow('image', img)
    k = cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF
    if k == ord('m'):
        mode = not mode
    elif k == 27:
        break

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

【接口】

void cv::setMouseCallback(const String & winname,
MouseCallback 	onMouse,
void * 	userdata = 0 
);

cv2.setMouseCallback(winname, onMouse [, userdata])

参数

• winname: 窗口名称
• onMouse: 鼠标的回调函数
• userdata: 可选的参数传入到函数里面

鼠标事件标志

标志名称	描述
EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON Python: cv2.EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON	鼠标左键按下
EVENT_FLAG_RBUTTON Python: cv2.EVENT_FLAG_RBUTTON	鼠标右键按下
EVENT_FLAG_MBUTTON Python: cv2.EVENT_FLAG_MBUTTON	鼠标中键按下
EVENT_FLAG_CTRLKEY Python: cv2.EVENT_FLAG_CTRLKEY	CTRL 键按下
EVENT_FLAG_SHIFTKEY Python: cv2.EVENT_FLAG_SHIFTKEY	SHIFT 键按下
EVENT_FLAG_ALTKEY Python: cv2.EVENT_FLAG_ALTKEY	ALT 键按下

鼠标事件类型

类型名称	描述
EVENT_MOUSEMOVE Python: cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE	鼠标指针移动
EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN Python: cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN	鼠标左键按下
EVENT_RBUTTONDOWN Python: cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONDOWN	鼠标右键按下
EVENT_MBUTTONDOWN Python: cv2.EVENT_MBUTTONDOWN	鼠标中键按下
EVENT_LBUTTONUP Python: cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP	鼠标左键弹起
EVENT_RBUTTONUP Python: cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONUP	鼠标右键弹起
EVENT_MBUTTONUP Python: cv2.EVENT_MBUTTONUP	鼠标中键弹起
EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK Python: cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK	鼠标左键双击
EVENT_RBUTTONDBLCLK Python: cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONDBLCLK	鼠标右键双击
EVENT_MBUTTONDBLCLK Python: cv2.EVENT_MBUTTONDBLCLK	鼠标中键双击
EVENT_MOUSEWHEEL Python: cv2.EVENT_MOUSEWHEEL	鼠标滚轮滚动，正负值代表前后滚动
EVENT_MOUSEHWHEEL Python: cv2.EVENT_MOUSEHWHEEL	正负值代表左右滚动

【小栗子】

以上程序画出来的图像矩形框重复覆盖了，如果只想画一个单独的矩形，那么该如何编写呢？

之前的程序是因为在一个画布上重复画矩形，所以重叠了，要解决此问题，就必须不断的刷新画布，在鼠标移动的时候不断刷新，鼠标左键弹起后，不再作画。

SHOW ME THE CODE

# 画矩形，不重复
import numpy as np
import cv2

# 定义画布
imgsrc = np.zeros((512, 512, 3), np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')

# 开始点和结束点
startPT = (-1, -1)
endPT = (-1, -1)
rectLineThinkness = 5
drawing = False

# 鼠标回调函数，画矩形
def draw_rect(event, x, y, flags, param):
    global startPT, endPT, drawing
    mouseMat = param.copy()
    if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        drawing = True
        startPT = (x, y)
    elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE:
        if drawing:
            endPT = (x, y)          
            cv2.rectangle(mouseMat, startPT, endPT,
                        (0, 255, 0), rectLineThinkness)      
    elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        endPT = (x, y)
        drawing = False
  
    cv2.rectangle(mouseMat, startPT, endPT, (0, 255, 0), rectLineThinkness)
    cv2.imshow('image', mouseMat)

cv2.setMouseCallback('image', draw_rect, imgsrc)
cv2.imshow('image', imgsrc)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

【参考】

1. https://docs.opencv.org/4.5.5/db/d5b/tutorial_py_mouse_handling.html