gpio输入输出中断的基本配置

GPIO的基本配置

1. GPIO输出方式的基本配置

以初始化LED灯为例，代码如下：

//初始化LED
void Led_Init(void)
{
    //选择 IO
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(LED_R);
    //设置 IO 为输出
    gpio_set_direction(LED_R, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT);
    //设置默认电平为0
    gpio_set_level(LED_R, 0);
}

2. GPIO输入的基本逻辑

以初始化按钮为例：

配置gpio_config_t 结构体的方式

void btn_Init(void)
{
    gpio_config_t btn;
    btn.pin_bit_mask = 1 << BUTTON_PIN;
    btn.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    btn.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;
    btn.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE;
    btn.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE;
    gpio_config(&btn);
}

测试代码

按键点灯：

#include <stdio.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#define LED_R 2
#define BUTTON_PIN 14

void app_main(void)
{

{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(LED_R);                 // 选择GPIO口
    gpio_set_direction(LED_R, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO作为输出
    gpio_set_level(LED_R, 0);                    // 默认低电平
}
    
    gpio_config_t btn;
    btn.pin_bit_mask = 1 << BUTTON_PIN;//将端口指向按键
    btn.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;//设置为输入模式
    btn.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;//禁用上拉输入
    btn.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE;//禁用下拉输入
    btn.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE;//禁用中断
    gpio_config(&btn);

    int level = 0;
    while (1)
    {
        if(gpio_get_level(BUTTON_PIN) == 0)
        {
            vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10)); //防抖动
                if (gpio_get_level(BUTTON_PIN) == 0)
                {
                    while (gpio_get_level(BUTTON_PIN) == 0);
                    level = ! level;
                    gpio_set_level(LED_R,level);
                }
                
        }
            vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10));  //防止看门狗复位
    }
}

三、GPIO中断的逻辑

设置按键中断初始化：

void btn_Init(void)
{
    gpio_config_t btn;
    btn.pin_bit_mask = 1 << BUTTON_PIN;
    btn.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    btn.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;
    btn.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE;
    btn.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE;
    gpio_config(&btn);
    
    gpio_install_isr_service(1)//注册中断服务
     gpio_isr_handler_add(BUTTON_PIN, btn_isr_handler, (void*) BUTTON_PIN); //设置中断回调函数
}

用中断控制LED灯

#include <stdio.h>
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "esp_spi_flash.h"
#include "freertos/queue.h"
#define LED_R 2
#define BUTTON_PIN 14
static QueueHandle_t queue = NULL;

static int level1 = 0;
void LED_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(LED_R);                 // 选择GPIO口
    gpio_set_direction(LED_R, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO作为输出
    gpio_set_level(LED_R, 0);                    // 默认低电平
}
void led_task(void)
{

    uint32_t gpio_num;
    while (1)
    {
        if (xQueueReceive(queue, &gpio_num, portMAX_DELAY))
        {
            if (gpio_get_level(gpio_num) == 0 && level1==0)
            {
                level1=1;
                gpio_set_level(LED_R, 0);
                esp_rom_printf("LED is OFF!\n");
            }
            else if(gpio_get_level(gpio_num) == 0 && level1==1)
            {
                level1=0;
                gpio_set_level(LED_R, 1);
                esp_rom_printf("LED is ON!\n");
            }
        }
    }
}

static void IRAM_ATTR btn_isr_handler(void *arg)
{
    uint32_t gpio_num = (uint32_t) arg;
    xQueueSendFromISR(queue, &gpio_num, NULL);   
}

void btn_Init(void)
{ 
    gpio_config_t btn;
    btn.pin_bit_mask = 1 << BUTTON_PIN;
    btn.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    btn.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;
    btn.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE;
    btn.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE;
    gpio_config(&btn);

    gpio_install_isr_service(1);  //注册中断服务函数


    gpio_isr_handler_add(BUTTON_PIN, btn_isr_handler, (void *)BUTTON_PIN); //设置中断回调函数

    queue = xQueueCreate(5, sizeof(int));
    xTaskCreate(led_task, "led_task", 2048, NULL, 7, NULL);
}


void app_main(void)
{
    LED_Init();
    btn_Init();
}

总结

GPIO的输入、输出和中断的配置最简化和实际运用的例程