OpenGL学习之统计图形

折线图

大家都知道MATLAB中画这种类型的统计图非常的简单，在OpenGL中画这种图也不是特别难的事情

现在先看如何画折线图

#include <gl/glut.h>

GLsizei winWidth = 600, winHeight = 500;
GLint xRaster = 25,yRaster = 150;
GLubyte label[36] = {'J','a','n','F','e','b','M','a','r','A','p','r','M','a','y','J','u','n',
						'j','u','l','A','u','g','S','e','p','O','c','t','N','o','v','D','e','c'};

GLint datevalue[12] = {420,342,324,310,262,185,190,196,217,240,312,469};

void init()
{
	glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	gluOrtho2D(0.0,winWidth,0.0,winHeight);
}

void display()
{
	GLint month,k;
	GLint x = 30;

	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

	glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
	glBegin(GL_LINES);//坐标轴
		glVertex2i(0,winHeight/2);
		glVertex2i(winWidth,winHeight/2);

		glVertex2i(winWidth/2,0);
		glVertex2i(winWidth/2,winHeight);
	glEnd();

	glColor3f(0.0,0.0,1.0);//趋势折线
	glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP);
		for(k = 0;k<12;k++)
			glVertex2i(x+k*50,datevalue[k]);
	glEnd();

	glColor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0);
	for (k=0;k<12;k++)
	{
		glRasterPos2i(xRaster+k*50,datevalue[k]-4);
		glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15,'*');
	}

	glColor3f(1.0,0.0,1.0);
	xRaster = 20;
	for (month = 0;month<12;month++)
	{
		glRasterPos2i(xRaster,yRaster);
		for (k =month*3;k<month*3+3;k++ )
		{
			glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12,label[k]);
		}
		xRaster += 50;
	}
	glFlush();
}

void reshape(int w,int h)
{
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluOrtho2D(0.0,(GLdouble)w,0.0,(GLdouble)h);
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
}

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
	glutInit(&argc,argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
	
	glutInitWindowPosition(200,200);
	glutInitWindowSize(winWidth,winHeight);
	glutCreateWindow("hello");

	init();
	glutDisplayFunc(display);
	glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
	glutMainLoop();
	return 0;
}

这个程序有一个问题，我不知道为什么会出现，就是当你把窗口的大小改变的时候，标记的星号就会偏跑，有谁了解可以告知，谢谢！！

柱状图

现在看如何画柱状图，道理和上面这个程序是一样的

#include <gl/glut.h>

GLsizei winWidth = 600, winHeight = 500;
GLint xRaster = 25,yRaster = 150;
GLubyte label[36] = {'J','a','n','F','e','b','M','a','r','A','p','r','M','a','y','J','u','n',
						'j','u','l','A','u','g','S','e','p','O','c','t','N','o','v','D','e','c'};

GLint datevalue[12] = {420,342,324,310,262,185,190,196,217,240,312,469};

void init()
{
	glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	gluOrtho2D(0.0,winWidth,0.0,winHeight);
}

void display()
{
	GLint month,k;
	GLint x = 30;

	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

	glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
	glBegin(GL_LINES);//坐标轴
		glVertex2i(0,winHeight/2);
		glVertex2i(winWidth,winHeight/2);

		glVertex2i(winWidth/2,0);
		glVertex2i(winWidth/2,winHeight);
	glEnd();

	glColor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0);
	for (k=0;k<12;k++)
	{
		glRecti(20+k*50,165,40+k*50,datevalue[k]);
	}

	glColor3f(1.0,0.0,1.0);
	xRaster = 20;
	for (month = 0;month<12;month++)
	{
		glRasterPos2i(xRaster,yRaster);
		for (k =month*3;k<month*3+3;k++ )
		{
			glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12,label[k]);
		}
		xRaster += 50;
	}
	glFlush();
}

void reshape(int w,int h)
{
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluOrtho2D(0.0,(GLdouble)w,0.0,(GLdouble)h);
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
}

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
	glutInit(&argc,argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
	
	glutInitWindowPosition(200,200);
	glutInitWindowSize(winWidth,winHeight);
	glutCreateWindow("hello");

	init();
	glutDisplayFunc(display);
	glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
	glutMainLoop();
	return 0;
}

截图如下：

饼状图

饼状图的生成需要通过之前的画圆环的程序

整个程序的思路就是画出一个圆，然后计算参数的比例，将比例换成角度的比值，通过比值画直线，这样就把圆形分割出来了，但是我想为每个部分添加一个颜色，这样比较区分，但是我发现比较困难，不知道大家有没有什么办法，本人菜鸟，谢谢！！

#include <gl/glut.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

GLsizei winWidth = 400;
GLsizei winHeight = 400;
const GLdouble twopi = 6.28f;
class screenpt  
{  
public:  
	GLint x,y;  
public:  
	screenpt()  
	{  
		x = y = 0;  
	}  
	void setcoords(GLint xcoord,GLint ycoords)  
	{  
		x = xcoord;  
		y = ycoords;  
	}  
	GLint getx() const  
	{  
		return x;  
	}  
	GLint gety() const  
	{  
		return y;  
	}  
	void incrementx()  
	{  
		x++;  
	}  
	void incrementy()  
	{  
		y++;  
	}  
	void decrementx()  
	{  
		x--;  
	}  
	void decreamenty()  
	{  
		y--;  
	}  
};  


void  setpixel(GLint xcoord,GLint ycoord)  
{  
	//glPointSize(5);  
	glBegin(GL_POINTS);  

	glVertex2i(xcoord,ycoord);  
	glEnd();  
}  

void circlePlotPoints(GLint xc,GLint yc,screenpt circpt)  
{  
	setpixel(xc+circpt.getx(),yc+circpt.gety());  
	setpixel(xc+circpt.getx(),yc-circpt.gety());  
	setpixel(xc-circpt.getx(),yc+circpt.gety());  
	setpixel(xc-circpt.getx(),yc-circpt.gety());  

	setpixel(xc+circpt.gety(),yc+circpt.getx());  
	setpixel(xc-circpt.gety(),yc+circpt.getx());  
	setpixel(xc+circpt.gety(),yc-circpt.getx());  
	setpixel(xc-circpt.gety(),yc-circpt.getx());  
}  

void circleMIDpoint(GLint xc,GLint yc,GLint radius)  
{  
	screenpt cirpt;  
	GLint p =1-radius;  
	cirpt.setcoords(0,radius);  
	circlePlotPoints(xc,yc,cirpt);  
	while(cirpt.getx()<cirpt.gety())  
	{  
		cirpt.incrementx();  
		if(p<0)  
		{  
			p += 2*cirpt.getx() + 1;  
		}  
		else  
		{  
			cirpt.decreamenty();  
			p += 2*(cirpt.getx()-cirpt.gety()) + 1;  
		}  
		circlePlotPoints(xc,yc,cirpt);  
	}  
}  



void inti()
{
	glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	gluOrtho2D(0.0,200,0.0,200);
}


void pieChart()
{
	screenpt circCtr,pirPt;
	GLint radius = winWidth/4;

	GLdouble sliceAngle,previousSliceAngle = 0.0;
	GLint dataSum = 0;
	float color = 0.0;
	GLint k,nSlices = 12;
	GLint datevalue[12] = {420,342,324,310,262,185,190,196,217,240,312,469};
	circCtr.x = winWidth/2;
	circCtr.y = winHeight/2;

	circleMIDpoint(circCtr.x,circCtr.y,radius);
	for (k=0;k<nSlices;k++)
	{
		dataSum += datevalue[k];
	}
	for (k=0;k<nSlices;k++)
	{
		sliceAngle = twopi * datevalue[k]/dataSum + previousSliceAngle;
		pirPt.x = circCtr.x + radius * cos(sliceAngle);
		pirPt.y = circCtr.y + radius * sin(sliceAngle);

		glBegin(GL_LINES);
			//glColor3f(color++/(float)nSlices,0.0,1.0);//修改线的颜色
			glVertex2i(circCtr.x,circCtr.y);
			glVertex2i(pirPt.x,pirPt.y);
		glEnd();
		previousSliceAngle = sliceAngle;
	}

}

void display()
{
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
	glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
	pieChart();
	glFlush();
}

void reshape(int w,int h)
{
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluOrtho2D(0.0,(GLdouble)w,0.0,(GLdouble)h);
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
	winWidth = w;
	winHeight = h;
}

int main(int argc,char **argv)  
{  
	glutInit(&argc,argv);  
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);  
	glutInitWindowSize(500,500);  
	glutInitWindowPosition(0,0);  
	glutCreateWindow("hello");  
	inti();  
	glutDisplayFunc(display);  
	glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
	glutMainLoop();  
	return 0;  
}