有源蜂鸣器的工作电压

蜂鸣器的工作电压

• 5V蜂鸣器内部工作原理
• 蜂鸣器中的电路
• 小型蜂鸣器内部驱动电路

 

01 蜂鸣器

---

  这是一个普通的5V有源蜂鸣器。  下面对其工作电压特性进行测试。  利用一个 驻极体麦克风测量它的声音强度和频率。  获得它工作电压与声音强度和频率之间的关系。  在面包板上对其进行测试。  由此来分析猜测蜂鸣器内部工作原理。

一、测量结果

  将蜂鸣器与麦克靠近放置在一起。  给蜂鸣器提供 5V 工作电压。  利用一个电阻箱给麦克风提供 15k 欧姆的上拉电阻。 麦克风电路的工作电源也是 5V。  可以看到麦克风输出的振荡信号， 接近于方波。 频率为 3kHz 左右。

▲ 图1.1.1 麦克风输出的蜂鸣器声音波形

  给蜂鸣器施加 从 0V 逐步上升到5V的工作电压。 测量麦克风输出的音频交流信号幅度。  查看一下这个蜂鸣器的电压工作范围。  测试结果显示， 当工作电压大于1.8V 之后， 蜂鸣器开始输出稳定强度的声音。 随着电压升高， 音量只是略微上升一点。

▲ 图1.1.2 工作电压与声音信号幅值

vdim=[0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30,0.35,0.40,0.45,0.51,0.56,0.61,0.66,0.71,0.76,0.81,0.86,0.91,0.96,1.01,1.06,1.11,1.16,1.21,1.26,1.31,1.36,1.41,1.46,1.52,1.57,1.62,1.67,1.72,1.77,1.82,1.87,1.92,1.97,2.02,2.07,2.12,2.17,2.22,2.27,2.32,2.37,2.42,2.47,2.53,2.58,2.63,2.68,2.73,2.78,2.83,2.88,2.93,2.98,3.03,3.08,3.13,3.18,3.23,3.28,3.33,3.38,3.43,3.48,3.54,3.59,3.64,3.69,3.74,3.79,3.84,3.89,3.94,3.99,4.04,4.09,4.14,4.19,4.24,4.29,4.34,4.39,4.44,4.49,4.55,4.60,4.65,4.70,4.75,4.80,4.85,4.90,4.95,5.00]
odim=[0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.03,0.03,0.01,0.02,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.02,0.01,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.11,0.13,0.12,0.11,0.10,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.19,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20,0.20]

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST1.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2023-11-25
#
# Note:
#============================================================

from headm import *
from tsmodule.tsstm32       import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *

vdim = linspace(0, 5, 100)
odim = []

for v in vdim:
    dh1766volt1(v)
    time.sleep(2)
    meter = meterval()
    odim.append(meter[0])

    printff(v, meter)
    tspsave('outvolt', vdim=vdim, odim=odim)


plt.plot(vdim, odim, lw=3)

plt.xlabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.ylabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST1.PY
#============================================================

  下面是工作电压与振荡频率之间的关系。 工作电压从2V 变化到5V。  振荡频率逐步下降。  频率变化了大约150Hz。 看来蜂鸣器的振荡频率还是非常稳定的。

▲ 图1.1.3 工作电压与振荡频率

vdim=[2.00,2.03,2.06,2.09,2.12,2.15,2.18,2.21,2.24,2.27,2.30,2.33,2.36,2.39,2.42,2.45,2.48,2.52,2.55,2.58,2.61,2.64,2.67,2.70,2.73,2.76,2.79,2.82,2.85,2.88,2.91,2.94,2.97,3.00,3.03,3.06,3.09,3.12,3.15,3.18,3.21,3.24,3.27,3.30,3.33,3.36,3.39,3.42,3.45,3.48,3.52,3.55,3.58,3.61,3.64,3.67,3.70,3.73,3.76,3.79,3.82,3.85,3.88,3.91,3.94,3.97,4.00,4.03,4.06,4.09,4.12,4.15,4.18,4.21,4.24,4.27,4.30,4.33,4.36,4.39,4.42,4.45,4.48,4.52,4.55,4.58,4.61,4.64,4.67,4.70,4.73,4.76,4.79,4.82,4.85,4.88,4.91,4.94,4.97,5.00]
odim=[3164.70,3158.40,3153.50,3152.30,3146.40,3143.50,3139.90,3137.10,3134.30,3131.60,3128.40,3126.30,3123.30,3120.00,3117.50,3114.90,3112.00,3109.70,3106.90,3104.70,3102.20,3099.60,3096.90,3094.80,3092.30,3090.10,3087.70,3085.50,3083.40,3081.50,3078.80,3077.10,3075.10,3073.00,3071.60,3070.10,3068.50,3066.40,3065.60,3063.80,3062.70,3061.60,3060.20,3059.60,3058.10,3058.60,3056.70,3056.80,3055.90,3054.70,3055.20,3053.60,3054.10,3053.00,3051.50,3052.30,3050.80,3050.00,3050.80,3049.10,3048.50,3049.20,3047.40,3046.70,3048.20,3046.60,3045.30,3045.50,3045.40,3043.80,3041.90,3041.80,3042.90,3041.40,3039.30,3037.70,3038.80,3038.90,3037.70,3035.50,3033.60,3032.30,3033.40,3033.30,3031.90,3030.30,3028.10,3026.50,3025.00,3023.90,3025.60,3025.40,3023.70,3022.00,3020.20,3018.40,3016.70,3015.40,3013.20,3011.90]

  测试蜂鸣器的工作电压与工作电流之间的关系。  从0.7V开始， 电流开始增加， 似乎说明蜂鸣器内部具有一个基于 NPN 的硅三极管的振荡器。  电压超过 BE 导通电压之后便开始震荡了。  随着工作电压的升高， 工作电流也近似线性增加。  对应蜂鸣器的功耗也增加了。

▲ 图1.1.4 工作电压与工作电流

vdim=[0.00,0.08,0.15,0.23,0.30,0.38,0.45,0.53,0.61,0.68,0.76,0.83,0.91,0.98,1.06,1.14,1.21,1.29,1.36,1.44,1.52,1.59,1.67,1.74,1.82,1.89,1.97,2.05,2.12,2.20,2.27,2.35,2.42,2.50,2.58,2.65,2.73,2.80,2.88,2.95,3.03,3.11,3.18,3.26,3.33,3.41,3.48,3.56,3.64,3.71,3.79,3.86,3.94,4.02,4.09,4.17,4.24,4.32,4.39,4.47,4.55,4.62,4.70,4.77,4.85,4.92,5.00,5.08,5.15,5.23,5.30,5.38,5.45,5.53,5.61,5.68,5.76,5.83,5.91,5.98,6.06,6.14,6.21,6.29,6.36,6.44,6.52,6.59,6.67,6.74,6.82,6.89,6.97,7.05,7.12,7.20,7.27,7.35,7.42,7.50]
cdim=[0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.02,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04]

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST2.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2023-11-25
#
# Note:
#============================================================

from headm import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *

vdim = linspace(0, 7.5, 100)
cdim = []


for v in vdim:
    dh1766volt1(v)
    time.sleep(1)
    curr = dh1766curr1()

    printff(v, curr)
    cdim.append(curr)
    tspsave('curr', vdim=vdim, cdim=cdim)

dh1766volt1(0)

plt.plot(vdim, cdim, lw=3)

plt.xlabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.ylabel("Current(A)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()





#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST2.PY
#============================================================

 

※ 总  结 ※

---

  本文记录了一款有源蜂鸣器电压对其发声的影响。  声音的频率和幅度变化很小， 工作电流则随着工作电压的升高近似线性增加。

---

■ 相关文献链接:

• 5V蜂鸣器内部工作原理
• 蜂鸣器中的电路-CSDN博客
• 小型蜂鸣器内部驱动电路

● 相关图表链接:

• 图1.1.1 麦克风输出的蜂鸣器声音波形
• 图1.1.2 工作电压与声音信号幅值
• 图1.1.3 工作电压与振荡频率
• 图1.1.4 工作电压与工作电流