氖泡发光的问题：人体电容

卓晴

已于 2024-12-07 10:54:20 修改

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于 2024-12-07 10:32:40 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhuoqingjoking97298/article/details/144305309

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氖泡点亮

01 人体的电容

一、问题

昨天看到别人在CSDN上的留言，询问为何手持一个串有 500k欧姆电阻氖泡触碰100V交流电的时候，氖泡可以电流，但是触碰一个 110V直流电源的时候氖泡并没有点亮，除非另外一只手触碰电源地线，才能够点亮氖泡。这个问题的本质在于电流氖泡所形成的电路回路的不同。

G5M1733536668_1920_1080.MP4|_-5

二、问题解答

通常情况下，我们所能够接触到的交流电。来自于室内的 220V。其中包括有零线和保护地线。火线上存在 220V的交流电压，峰值可以达到 310V。通过电阻和氖泡接触到人体。人体本身和大地之间有分布电容。交流电可以通过分布电容形成一个回路，虽然这个电流非常小，但是对于氖泡点亮来说已经足够了。

G5M1733537423_1920_1080.MP4|_-5
但对于直流电，这个回路就无法导通，进而也无法形成持续的电流。氖泡也就处在熄灭状态。
G5M1733537590_1920_1080.MP4|_-5

三、氖泡点亮电压

使用120V的直流电压，通过 510k欧姆施加在一颗小的氖泡上。测量氖泡两端的电压大约为60V。这样，在串联电阻上的电压也大约为 60V，回路中的电流约为120微安。可以看到在氖泡中负极上出现了荧光。正极并没有荧光。如果通过交流电路，则会在氖泡的两个电极都形成荧光发光区域。

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▲ 图1.3.1 氖泡的输入电压与分压电压的关系

▲ 图1.3.1 氖泡的输入电压与分压电压的关系

vset=[0.0000,1.0101,2.0202,3.0303,4.0404,5.0505,6.0606,7.0707,8.0808,9.0909,10.1010,11.1111,12.1212,13.1313,14.1414,15.1515,16.1616,17.1717,18.1818,19.1919,20.2020,21.2121,22.2222,23.2323,24.2424,25.2525,26.2626,27.2727,28.2828,29.2929,30.3030,31.3131,32.3232,33.3333,34.3434,35.3535,36.3636,37.3737,38.3838,39.3939,40.4040,41.4141,42.4242,43.4343,44.4444,45.4545,46.4646,47.4747,48.4848,49.4949,50.5051,51.5152,52.5253,53.5354,54.5455,55.5556,56.5657,57.5758,58.5859,59.5960,60.6061,61.6162,62.6263,63.6364,64.6465,65.6566,66.6667,67.6768,68.6869,69.6970,70.7071,71.7172,72.7273,73.7374,74.7475,75.7576,76.7677,77.7778,78.7879,79.7980,80.8081,81.8182,82.8283,83.8384,84.8485,85.8586,86.8687,87.8788,88.8889,89.8990,90.9091,91.9192,92.9293,93.9394,94.9495,95.9596,96.9697,97.9798,98.9899,100.0000]
vout=[0.0026,0.9611,1.9169,2.8830,3.8430,4.8033,5.7651,6.7262,7.6861,8.6475,9.6093,10.5702,11.5301,12.4907,13.4527,14.4135,15.3734,16.3351,17.2960,18.2573,19.2175,20.1793,21.1400,22.0987,23.0596,24.0207,24.9813,25.9420,26.9040,27.8651,28.8248,29.7864,30.7471,31.7078,32.6682,33.6284,34.5906,35.5505,36.5123,37.4722,38.4336,39.3943,40.3541,41.3164,42.2761,43.2373,44.1974,45.1597,46.1203,47.0801,48.0414,49.0022,49.9630,50.9235,51.8844,52.8459,53.8054,54.7676,55.7285,56.6891,57.6497,58.6095,59.5717,60.5312,61.4919,62.4532,63.4133,64.3754,65.3350,66.2970,67.2567,68.2169,69.1772,70.1379,71.0985,72.0576,73.0184,73.9769,74.9278,68.4020,67.1150,66.4300,65.9531,65.5904,65.2754,65.0311,64.8095,64.6246,64.4644,64.3286,64.2003,64.0862,63.9832,63.8882,63.8029,63.7272,63.6519,63.5870,63.5227,63.4615]

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST1.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2024-12-07
#
# Note:
#============================================================
from headm import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *
dm3068open()
vset = linspace(0, 100, 100)
vout = []
for v in vset:
    dh1766volt1(v)
    time.sleep(1.5)
    vv = dm3068vdc()
    vout.append(vv)
    printff(v, vv)
    tspsave("INOUT", vset=vset, vout=vout)
plt.plot(vset, vout, lw=3)
plt.xlabel("Vset")
plt.ylabel("Vout")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST1.PY
#============================================================