不想看废话的话，直接上github：https://github.com/zhangping312/VSCode-Premake5-Example
说实话，上一篇VSCode配置编译和调试C++程序已经全部结束了，引用第3方库的功能其实是通过premake5中配置的，这篇是讲述在premake5在XCode上的踩的坑， Windows上没有任何问题。先描述一下自己遇到的问题：Mac上我不想安装SFML库，或者将SFML库拷贝到Library/Framework目录中，因为这些库我不常用。
先去SFML官网下载，需要下载3个文件，VS2017 32位和64位的，和Mac的。在Game同级目录中创建Third文件夹，把下载好的SFML-2.5.1-windows-vc15-32-bit.zip，SFML-2.5.1-windows-vc15-64-bit.zip和SFML-2.5.1-macOS-clang.tar.gz解压到Third文件夹中。
在Third文件夹中创建SFML-2.5.1文件夹，从之前解压好的3个文件夹中随便选一个include文件夹，拷贝至Third/SFML-2.5.1/中，并新建一个lib文件夹，在Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib文件夹中创建Macosx和Windows文件夹，在Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/Windows文件夹中创建x86和x86_64文件夹，并将相对应的lib库中的内容全部拷贝过来, 与lib文件夹一样继续对bin文件夹进行处理，bin文件夹中都是运行需要的dll文件。前期工作先做Windows上的，Mac等会再说。
开始写SFML的代码，代码可以从SFML官网上拷贝一份，但是发现#include好像出错，这里也需要配置，就是之前一直没说的c_cpp_properties.json，Ctrl + Shift + P后输入C/C++: Edit Configuration(Json)，会自动创建c_cpp_properties.json文件，修改成如下：
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Win32",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**",
"${workspaceFolder}\\..\\Third\\SFML-2.5.1\\include"
],
"defines": [],
"windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"intelliSenseMode": "${default}"
}
],
"version": 4
} 主要就关心inincludePath，其他的先不管，现在就有代码提示了，开始敲代码，对之前的Application.h和Application.cpp进行修改:
Application.h:
#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
class Application
{
public:
Application(const std::string& title, unsigned int width, unsigned int height);
Application(const Application& other) = delete;
Application& operator=(const Application& other) = delete;
virtual ~Application();
void Run();
private:
sf::RenderWindow* m_WindowHandle = nullptr;
};Application.cpp:
#include "Application.h"
Application::Application(const std::string& title, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
m_WindowHandle = new sf::RenderWindow(sf::VideoMode(width, height), title.c_str());
if (!m_WindowHandle) throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create SFML window!");
}
Application::~Application()
{
if (m_WindowHandle) delete m_WindowHandle;
m_WindowHandle = nullptr;
}
void Application::Run()
{
sf::CircleShape shape(100.f);
shape.setFillColor(sf::Color::Green);
while (m_WindowHandle->isOpen())
{
sf::Event event;
while (m_WindowHandle->pollEvent(event))
{
if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed)
m_WindowHandle->close();
}
m_WindowHandle->clear();
m_WindowHandle->draw(shape);
m_WindowHandle->display();
}
}好了，代码就就到这。如果你现在编译肯定失败的，还需要修改premake5.lua配置。找到SFML/premake5.lua文件，对此修改如下：
IncludeDirs = {}
IncludeDirs["SFML"] = g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/include"
project "SFML"
kind "ConsoleApp"
language "C++"
cppdialect "C++17"
-- Place where build files will be generated
location (g_BuildFolder .. "/%{prj.name}")
-- Place where compiled binary target
targetdir (g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../bin/%{prj.name}")
-- Place where object and other intermediate files
objdir (g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../bin-int/%{prj.name}")
-- Specify script files for the project
files
{
g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/**.h",
g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/**.cpp",
}
-- Window configuration
filter "system:windows"
-- Specify the include file search path
includedirs
{
g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/",
"%{IncludeDirs.SFML}"
}
-- Specify the library file search path
libdirs { g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/%{cfg.architecture}" }
-- Copy dlls
prebuildcommands
{
("{COPY} \"%{wks.location}../Third/SFML-2.5.1/bin/%{cfg.system}/%{cfg.architecture}/*.dll\" \"%{cfg.buildtarget.directory}\""),
}
filter { "system:windows", "configurations:Debug" }
links { "sfml-system-d.lib", "sfml-window-d.lib", "sfml-graphics-d.lib" }
filter { "system:windows", "configurations:Release" }
links { "sfml-system.lib","sfml-window.lib", "sfml-graphics.lib" }
-- Mac configuration
filter "system:macosx"
systemversion "10.14" -- 我的Mac版本是10.14.5，低于development target的10.15， 为了避免手动修改，改成10.14
includedirs { g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/" }-- Xcode: User Header Search Paths 这次修改的内容主要有设置SFML头文件和库文件路径，并拷贝dll到可执行文件处。现在可以通过VSCode进行调试代码，也可以通过bat文件生成或者VSCode执行任务生成VS2019工程，在VS2019上进行编译和调试。
现在开始配置XCode的设置了。先贴出修改后的SFML/premake5.lua文件：
IncludeDirs = {}
IncludeDirs["SFML"] = g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/include"
project "SFML"
kind "ConsoleApp"
language "C++"
cppdialect "C++17"
-- Place where build files will be generated
location (g_BuildFolder .. "/%{prj.name}")
-- Place where compiled binary target
targetdir (g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../bin/%{prj.name}")
-- Place where object and other intermediate files
objdir (g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../bin-int/%{prj.name}")
-- Specify script files for the project
files
{
g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/**.h",
g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/**.cpp",
}
-- Window configuration
filter "system:windows"
-- Specify the include file search path
includedirs
{
g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/",
"%{IncludeDirs.SFML}"
}
-- Specify the library file search path
libdirs { g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/%{cfg.architecture}" }
-- Copy dlls
prebuildcommands
{
("{COPY} \"%{wks.location}../Third/SFML-2.5.1/bin/%{cfg.system}/%{cfg.architecture}/*.dll\" \"%{cfg.buildtarget.directory}\"")
}
filter { "system:windows", "configurations:Debug" }
links { "sfml-system-d.lib", "sfml-window-d.lib", "sfml-graphics-d.lib" }
filter { "system:windows", "configurations:Release" }
links { "sfml-system.lib","sfml-window.lib", "sfml-graphics.lib" }
-- Mac configuration
filter "system:macosx"
systemversion "10.14" -- 我的Mac版本是10.14.5，低于development target的10.15， 为了避免手动修改，改成10.14
includedirs { g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/%{prj.name}/Source/" }-- Xcode: User Header Search Paths
sysincludedirs { "%{IncludeDirs.SFML}" }--Xcode: Header Search Paths
links { "sfml-system.framework", "sfml-window.framework", "sfml-graphics.framework", "freetype.framework" }
linkoptions
{
"-F" .. g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks",
"-Xlinker -rpath -Xlinker " .. g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks"
}
--syslibdirs { g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks" }
--libdirs { g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks" }
-- runpathdirs
-- {
-- g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../bin/%{prj.name}",
-- g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks",
-- g_WorkspaceFolder .. "/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/extlibs"
-- }
-- prebuildcommands
-- {
-- ("{COPY} \"%{wks.location}/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks/sfml-system.framework\" \"%{cfg.buildtarget.directory}\""),
-- ("{COPY} \"%{wks.location}/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks/sfml-window.framework\" \"%{cfg.buildtarget.directory}\""),
-- ("{COPY} \"%{wks.location}/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks/sfml-graphics.framework\" \"%{cfg.buildtarget.directory}\""),
-- ("{COPY} \"%{wks.location}/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/%{cfg.system}/Frameworks/freetype.framework\" \"%{cfg.buildtarget.directory}\"")
-- } 这里坑超级多，premake5的wiki上好多设置感觉在XCode上都是无效的。一个个来说，首先是sysincludedirs值是Header Search Paths表示可以#include <>，不然使用#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>会报错，includedirs指的是User Header Search Paths，用的是#include ""， 这些可以通过google查找学习。
linkoptions这个参数是后面经过多个坑踩出来的最后结果，下面所有的注释都是自己踩过留下来的。先来说下情况，因为SFML库不常用，不想安装也不想拷贝Framework到/Library/Framework目录中，其实更加重要的原因是我自己编译出来的库，我难道还得放到/Library/Framework目录中吗。我先测试了prebuildcommands拷贝到可执行程序目录中，可以编译，XCode也可编译执行，但可执行文件会报错，Library not loaded，然后这个方法弃之。第2个方法指定frameworkpath，但premake5没有提供这个功能，测试了libdirs和syslibdirs，发现没有用。第3个方法，回到拷贝framework，运行的时候指定runpath，但发现runpathdirs这个值无效，看链接的输出时候没有。本来打算放弃了，不死心，对着build出来的xcode工程修改，自己添加framework和设置runpath，直接执行可执行程序，可以，就说明之前想的方法可行。疯狂google如何通过xcodebuild设置runpath和frameworkpath。没有找到，只好通过XCode拷贝链接指令，一个个看过来，发现通过xcodebuild的有漏了2个参数。
查看链接指令的方式:
发现自己漏了这2条：
//用于编译
-Xlinker -no_deduplicate -F/Users/zhangping/Documents/ZP/VSCode-Premake5-Example/Game/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/macosx/Frameworks
//用于运行
-Xlinker -rpath -Xlinker /Users/zhangping/Documents/ZP/VSCode-Premake5-Example/Game/../Third/SFML-2.5.1/lib/macosx/Frameworks
然后通过linkoptions补上了这2个参数，编译运行OK，VSCode也可以编译和调试了。这边得吐槽SFML的framework，好逗比，freetype.framework必须在../Frameworks中，不就是表示将freetype.framework放在Frameworks目录中和sfml-system.framework等同级吗？
代码和SFML库都已经上传到github上的，Mac和Windows目录下的库文件都删除了一部分，不然太大，而且还用不上。
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