opencv（7）图像处理1

opencv（7）图像处理1

4-7边缘检测

import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv.imread('D:\\Codelearn\\python\\opencv\\image\\2.jpg', 0)
edges = cv.Canny(img, 100, 200)  # 主要是Canny函数的使用
plt.subplot(121), plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Original Image'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122), plt.imshow(edges, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Edge Image'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
# 二值化 edges已经是一个二值图像了 
# ret, edges2 = cv.threshold(edges, 127, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY)
# plt.subplot(122), plt.imshow(edges2, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Edge Image'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

4-5形态学转化

2D 3D卷积：

import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv.imread('D:\\Codelearn\\python\\opencv\\image\\shudu.jpg', 0)
laplacian = cv.Laplacian(img, cv.CV_64F)  # Laplacian 
sobelx  = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_64F, 1, 0, ksize=5) # Sobel 最后一个参数只能是奇数
sobely  = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_64F, 0, 1, ksize=5)
sobelxy = cv.Sobel(sobelx, cv.CV_64F, 0, 1, ksize=5)

# sobel1  = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_64F, 1, 0, ksize=9)
# sobel2 = cv.Sobel(sobel1, cv.CV_64F, 0, 1, ksize=9)

plt.subplot(2, 3, 1), plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Original'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 2), plt.imshow(laplacian, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Laplacian'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 3), plt.imshow(sobelx, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Sobel X'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 4), plt.imshow(sobely, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Sobel Y'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 5), plt.imshow(sobelxy, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Sobel XY'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
# plt.subplot(2, 3, 6), plt.imshow(sobel2, cmap='gray')
# plt.title('Sobel 2'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])

plt.show()


import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv.imread('D:\\Codelearn\\python\\opencv\\image\\shudu.jpg', 0)
# Output dtype = cv.CV_8U
sobelx8u = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_8U, 1, 0, ksize=5)
# Output dtype = cv.CV_64F. Then take its absolute and convert to cv.CV_8U
sobelx64f = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_64F, 1, 0, ksize=5)
abs_sobel64f = np.absolute(sobelx64f)
sobel_8u = np.uint8(abs_sobel64f)
plt.subplot(1, 3, 1), plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Original'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(1, 3, 2), plt.imshow(sobelx8u, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Sobel CV_8U'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(1, 3, 3), plt.imshow(sobel_8u, cmap='gray')
plt.title('Sobel abs(CV_64F)'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

4-4 图像平滑

2d卷积（图像过滤） cv.filter2D

图像模糊（图像平滑）

四种模糊技术

平均

这是通过将图像与归一化框滤镜进行卷积来完成的。它仅获取内核区域下所有像素的平均值，并替换中心元素。这是通过功能cv.blur()或cv.boxFilter()完成的。

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv.imread('opencv-logo-white.png')
blur = cv.blur(img,(5,5))
plt.subplot(121),plt.imshow(img),plt.title('Original')
plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122),plt.imshow(blur),plt.title('Blurred')
plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

高斯模糊

blur = cv.GaussianBlur(img,(5,5),0)

中位模糊

median = cv.medianBlur(img,5)

双边滤波

blur = cv.bilateralFilter(img,9,75,75)