【设计模式】模板方法模式

模板方法模式

定义

只定义算法框架，而将一些步骤的实现延迟到子类。

通过模板方法，子类可以重新定义算法的某些步骤，而不用改变算法的结构。

类图

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实现

冲咖啡和冲茶都有类似的流程，但是某些步骤会有点不一样，要求复用那些相同步骤的代码。

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public abstract class CaffeineBeverage {

    final void prepareRecipe() {
        boilWater();
        brew();
        pourInCup();
        addCondiments();
    }

    abstract void brew();

    abstract void addCondiments();

    void boilWater() {
        System.out.println("boilWater");
    }

    void pourInCup() {
        System.out.println("pourInCup");
    }
}

public class Coffee extends CaffeineBeverage {
    @Override
    void brew() {
        System.out.println("Coffee.brew");
    }

    @Override
    void addCondiments() {
        System.out.println("Coffee.addCondiments");
    }
}

public class Tea extends CaffeineBeverage {
    @Override
    void brew() {
        System.out.println("Tea.brew");
    }

    @Override
    void addCondiments() {
        System.out.println("Tea.addCondiments");
    }
}

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CaffeineBeverage caffeineBeverage = new Coffee();
        caffeineBeverage.prepareRecipe();
        System.out.println("-----------");
        caffeineBeverage = new Tea();
        caffeineBeverage.prepareRecipe();
    }
}