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简介
osgAnimationSkinning这个示例主要使用了osgAnimation中的骨骼蒙皮动画,关于骨骼蒙皮动画的介绍可以参考Skinned Mesh原理解析和一个最简单的实现示例这篇CSDN的博客,里面用Glut实现了一个简单的蒙皮动画,整篇文章对骨骼动画和蒙皮进行了详尽的阐述,相信读完之后可以对骨骼动画有更深的理解。
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示例
源码中createAxis创建了一个坐标系,代码十分的简单,仅仅是画出三条坐标轴线而已。
osg::Geode* createAxis()
{
osg::Geode* geode (new osg::Geode());
osg::Geometry* geometry (new osg::Geometry());
osg::Vec3Array* vertices (new osg::Vec3Array());
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
geometry->setVertexArray (vertices);
osg::Vec4Array* colors (new osg::Vec4Array());
colors->push_back (osg::Vec4 (1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
colors->push_back (osg::Vec4 (1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
colors->push_back (osg::Vec4 (0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
colors->push_back (osg::Vec4 (0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
colors->push_back (osg::Vec4 (0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
colors->push_back (osg::Vec4 (0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
geometry->setColorArray (colors, osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
geometry->addPrimitiveSet(new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::LINES,0,6));
geode->addDrawable( geometry );
return geode;
}
createTesselatedBox这个函数做的是创建了骨骼动画的蒙皮Mesh,相当于给骨骼做了一件“衣服”,我们看看它怎么创建的:
float step = size / static_cast<float>(nsplit);
float s = 0.5f/4.0f;
for (int i = 0; i < nsplit; i++)
{
float x = -1.0f + static_cast<float>(i) * step;
std::cout << x << std::endl;
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( x, s, s));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( x, -s, s));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( x, -s, -s));
vertices->push_back (osg::Vec3 ( x, s, -s));
osg::Vec3 c (0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
c[i%3] = 1.0f;
colors->push_back (c);
colors->push_back (c);
colors->push_back (c);
colors->push_back (c);
}
osg::ref_ptr<osg::UIntArray> array = new osg::UIntArray;
for (int i = 0; i < nsplit - 1; i++)
{
int base = i * 4;
//Top
array->push_back(base);
array->push_back(base+1);
array->push_back(base+4);
array->push_back(base+1);
array->push_back(base+5);
array->push_back(base+4);
//Back
array->push_back(base+3);
array->push_back(base);
array->push_back(base+4);
array->push_back(base+7);
array->push_back(base+3);
array->push_back(base+4);
//Front
array->push_back(base+5);
array->push_back(base+1);
array->push_back(base+2);
array->push_back(base+2);
array->push_back(base+6);
array->push_back(base+5);
//Bottom
array->push_back(base+2);
array->push_back(base+3);
array->push_back(base+7);
array->push_back(base+6);
array->push_back(base+2);
array->push_back(base+7);
}
通过上面的注解可以知道,函数createTesselatedBox(int nsplit, float size)的两个参数,其中nsplit是把这个立方体柱分成了nsplit-1段,然后每段一个立方体的4个面,这段代码使用的是DrawElement的方式创建的,因此它传入的是索引值。
接下来就是Skin info的操作,给不同的顶点绑定到骨骼上,并且给这些顶点赋予权值,这个示例中设置权值的方式比较简单,所有X在-1到0之间的顶点只受到骨骼Bon0的影响,所有X在0到1之间的顶点只受Bone1的影响,所有X值大于1的顶点只受到Bone2的影响。
void initVertexMap(osgAnimation::Bone* b0,
osgAnimation::Bone* b1,
osgAnimation::Bone* b2,
osgAnimation::RigGeometry* geom,
osg::Vec3Array* array)
{
//osgAnimation::VertexInfluenceSet vertexesInfluences;
osgAnimation::VertexInfluenceMap* vim = new osgAnimation::VertexInfluenceMap;
(*vim)[b0->getName()].setName(b0->getName());
(*vim)[b1->getName()].setName(b1->getName());
(*vim)[b2->getName()].setName(b2->getName());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)array->size(); i++)
{
float val = (*array)[i][0];
std::cout << val << std::endl;
if (val >= -1.0f && val <= 0.0f)
(*vim)[b0->getName()].push_back(osgAnimation::VertexIndexWeight(i,1.0f));
else if ( val > 0.0f && val <= 1.0f)
(*vim)[b1->getName()].push_back(osgAnimation::VertexIndexWeight(i,1.0f));
else if ( val > 1.0f)
(*vim)[b2->getName()].push_back(osgAnimation::VertexIndexWeight(i,1.0f));
}
geom->setInfluenceMap(vim);
}
主函数main里面主要创建了骨骼动画:
osg::ref_ptr<osgAnimation::Skeleton> skelroot = new osgAnimation::Skeleton;
skelroot->setDefaultUpdateCallback();
osg::ref_ptr<osgAnimation::Bone> root = new osgAnimation::Bone;
root->setInvBindMatrixInSkeletonSpace(osg::Matrix::inverse(osg::Matrix::translate(-1.0,0.0,0.0)));
root->setName("root");
osgAnimation::UpdateBone* pRootUpdate = new osgAnimation::UpdateBone("root");
pRootUpdate->getStackedTransforms().push_back(new osgAnimation::StackedTranslateElement("translate",osg::Vec3(-1.0f,0.0f,0.0f)));
root->setUpdateCallback(pRootUpdate);
osg::ref_ptr<osgAnimation::Bone> right0 = new osgAnimation::Bone;
right0->setInvBindMatrixInSkeletonSpace(osg::Matrix::inverse(osg::Matrix::translate(0.0,0.0,0.0)));
right0->setName("right0");
osgAnimation::UpdateBone* pRight0Update = new osgAnimation::UpdateBone("right0");
pRight0Update->getStackedTransforms().push_back(new osgAnimation::StackedTranslateElement("translate", osg::Vec3(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f)));
pRight0Update->getStackedTransforms().push_back(new osgAnimation::StackedRotateAxisElement("rotate", osg::Vec3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0));
right0->setUpdateCallback(pRight0Update);
osg::ref_ptr<osgAnimation::Bone> right1 = new osgAnimation::Bone;
right1->setInvBindMatrixInSkeletonSpace(osg::Matrix::inverse(osg::Matrix::translate(1.0,0.0,0.0)));
right1->setName("right1");
osgAnimation::UpdateBone* pRight1Update = new osgAnimation::UpdateBone("right1");
pRight1Update->getStackedTransforms().push_back(new osgAnimation::StackedTranslateElement("translate", osg::Vec3(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f)));
pRight1Update->getStackedTransforms().push_back(new osgAnimation::StackedRotateAxisElement("rotate", osg::Vec3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0));
right1->setUpdateCallback(pRight1Update);
root->addChild(right0.get());
right0->addChild(right1.get());
skelroot->addChild(root.get());
以上代码创建了骨骼的框架,这个创建骨骼的模式还是比较固定的,需要注意的是UpdateBone的名称需要和下面Channel的SetTargetName名称一致,UpdateBone里面StackedTransformElement需要和Channel的Name一致
osg::Group* scene = new osg::Group;
osg::ref_ptr<osgAnimation::BasicAnimationManager> manager = new osgAnimation::BasicAnimationManager;
scene->setUpdateCallback(manager.get());
osgAnimation::Animation* anim = new osgAnimation::Animation;
{
osgAnimation::FloatKeyframeContainer* keys0 = new osgAnimation::FloatKeyframeContainer;
keys0->push_back(osgAnimation::FloatKeyframe(0.0,0.0f));
keys0->push_back(osgAnimation::FloatKeyframe(3.0,osg::PI_2));
keys0->push_back(osgAnimation::FloatKeyframe(6.0,osg::PI_2));
osgAnimation::FloatLinearSampler* sampler = new osgAnimation::FloatLinearSampler;
sampler->setKeyframeContainer(keys0);
osgAnimation::FloatLinearChannel* channel = new osgAnimation::FloatLinearChannel(sampler);
channel->setName("rotate");
channel->setTargetName("right0");
anim->addChannel(channel);
}
{
osgAnimation::FloatKeyframeContainer* keys1 = new osgAnimation::FloatKeyframeContainer;
keys1->push_back(osgAnimation::FloatKeyframe(0.0,0.0f));
keys1->push_back(osgAnimation::FloatKeyframe(3.0,0.0f));
keys1->push_back(osgAnimation::FloatKeyframe(6.0,osg::PI_2));
osgAnimation::FloatLinearSampler* sampler = new osgAnimation::FloatLinearSampler;
sampler->setKeyframeContainer(keys1);
osgAnimation::FloatLinearChannel* channel = new osgAnimation::FloatLinearChannel(sampler);
channel->setName("rotate");
channel->setTargetName("right1");
anim->addChannel(channel);
}
manager->registerAnimation(anim);
//manager->buildTargetReference();
// let's start !
manager->playAnimation(anim);
这段代码创建了骨骼动画运行的关键帧。
osg::MatrixTransform* rootTransform = new osg::MatrixTransform;
rootTransform->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(osg::PI_2,osg::Vec3(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f)));
right0->addChild(createAxis());
right0->setDataVariance(osg::Object::DYNAMIC);
right1->addChild(createAxis());
right1->setDataVariance(osg::Object::DYNAMIC);
osg::MatrixTransform* trueroot = new osg::MatrixTransform;
trueroot->setMatrix(osg::Matrix(root->getMatrixInBoneSpace().ptr()));
trueroot->addChild(createAxis());
trueroot->addChild(skelroot.get());
trueroot->setDataVariance(osg::Object::DYNAMIC);
rootTransform->addChild(trueroot);
scene->addChild(rootTransform);
上面的这段代码把可绘制实体添加到骨骼动画之中,这样我们才能看见骨骼动画的实际效果。这些Geode将抽象的骨骼变换具体化,能让我们看见Geode上面绑定着的骨骼的运动效果。
最后一步当然是进行骨骼动画的蒙皮操作了,将蒙皮Mesh设置好与骨骼的绑定以及权值之后,将这个节点添加到Skeleton节点之下就可以了:
osgAnimation::RigGeometry* geom = createTesselatedBox(4, 4.0f);
osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
geode->addDrawable(geom);
skelroot->addChild(geode);
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Vec3Array> src = dynamic_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(geom->getSourceGeometry()->getVertexArray());
geom->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, false);
geom->setDataVariance(osg::Object::DYNAMIC);
initVertexMap(root.get(), right0.get(), right1.get(), geom, src.get());
最后编译运行程序