定义
设多面集 S={
X∈Rn:AX≤b}, S = { X ∈ R n : A X ≤ b } ,
其中 A=⎛⎝⎜⎜a1⋮am⎞⎠⎟⎟∈Rm×n, A = ( a 1 ⋮ a m ) ∈ R m × n , b=⎛⎝⎜⎜b1⋮bm⎞⎠⎟⎟∈Rm, b = ( b 1 ⋮ b m ) ∈ R m ,
定义函数 ϕ:Rn↦R ϕ : R n ↦ R ,
∀X∈Rn,ϕ(X)= ∀ X ∈ R n , ϕ ( X ) = 向量组 {
ai:aiX=bi,i∈N,1≤i≤m} { a i : a i X = b i , i ∈ N , 1 ≤ i ≤ m } 的秩。
引理
若存在 X∈S, X ∈ S , 使得 ϕ(X)<n, ϕ ( X ) < n ,
不妨设:
{
aiX=bi,i∈N,1≤i≤kaiX<bi,i∈N,k+1≤i≤m(1) (1) { a i X = b i , i ∈ N , 1 ≤ i ≤ k a i X < b i , i ∈ N , k + 1 ≤ i ≤ m
其中 k∈N,0≤k≤m k ∈ N , 0 ≤ k ≤ m
令 A1=⎛⎝⎜⎜a1⋮ak⎞⎠⎟⎟, A 1 = ( a 1 ⋮ a k ) , A2=⎛⎝⎜⎜ak+1⋮am⎞⎠⎟⎟,β1=⎛⎝⎜⎜b1⋮bk⎞⎠⎟⎟,β2=⎛⎝⎜⎜bk+1⋮bm⎞⎠⎟⎟, A 2 = ( a k + 1 ⋮ a m ) , β 1 = ( b 1 ⋮ b k ) , β 2 = ( b k + 1 ⋮ b m ) ,
则(1) 可化为: {
A1X=β1A2X<β2 { A 1 X = β 1 A 2 X < β 2
于是 r(A1)=ϕ(X)<n, r ( A 1 ) = ϕ ( X ) < n ,