转自:http://blog.csdn.net/ws_20100/article/details/48860749
1.配置caffe环境
[请参考此篇博客:http://blog.csdn.net/ws_20100/article/details/48850449]
本篇介绍如何在caffe环境下,实现"图像对图像"的卷积神经网络的训练。
2.文件结构
在配置好的caffe文件夹中,进入examples目录,创建CNN文件夹,并进入文件夹
$ cd caffe-master/examples/
$ mkdir CNN
$ cd CNN/
在CNN文件夹下面创建子文件夹
$ mkdir model snapshot TestPhotos TestLabels TrainPhotos TrainLabels
其中,
model用于以后存储卷积核矩阵和偏置向量;
snapshot用于存储训练中备份的caffe模型,每一段时间存储一次,防止断电等一些情况;
TrainPhotos、TrainLabels分别存储训练集输入和监督样本;
TestPhotos、TestLabels分别存储测试集输入和监督样本,不直接参与到训练中。
然后,将训练所用的输入样本和监督样本分别放入到TrainPhotos和TrainLabels中去。注意,样本文件名无所谓,但是排列次序必须一一对应。同样,将测试所用的输入样本和监督样本分别放入到TestPhotos和TestLabels中去。
3.产生训练和测试数据
1.)产生路径文件
在CNN文件夹下面(以下均是在此文件夹下)创建两个路径文件。
$ vim train.txt
输入内容:
examples/CNN/train.h5
:wq保存文档。
$ vim test.txt
输入内容:
examples/CNN/test.h5
:wq保存文档。
2.)产生训练数据
$ vim generate_train.m
输入内容:(把输入图像切成11*11的像素块,监督图像为3*3的像素块(由网络结构和卷积核大小决定),步长为1个像素)
- clear;close all;
-
- %% settings
- folder_input = 'TrainPhotos';
- folder_label = 'TrainLabels';
- savepath = 'train.h5';
- size_input = 11;
- size_label = 3; % size_input - 12
- stride = 1;
-
- %% initialization
- data = zeros(size_input, size_input, 1, 1);
- label = zeros(size_label, size_label, 1, 1);
- padding = abs(size_input - size_label) / 2;
- count = 0;
-
- %% read data
- filepaths_input = dir(fullfile(folder_input,'*.jpg'));
- filepaths_label = dir(fullfile(folder_label,'*.jpg'));
-
- if (length(filepaths_input)==length(filepaths_label))
- length = length(filepaths_input);
- else
- error('The Number of Input is NOT equal to the Number of Label.');
- end
-
- %% generate data
- for i = 1 : length
-
- im_input = imread(fullfile(folder_input,filepaths_input(i).name));
- im_input = rgb2ycbcr(im_input);
- im_input = im2double(im_input(:, :, 1));
-
- im_label = imread(fullfile(folder_label,filepaths_label(i).name));
- im_label = im2double(im_label(:, :, 1));
-
- if size(im_input) == size(im_label)
- [hei,wid] = size(im_input);
- else
- error('The size of input and label are not equal.');
- end
-
- for x = 1 : stride : hei-size_input+1
- for y = 1 :stride : wid-size_input+1
-
- subim_input = im_input(x : x+size_input-1, y : y+size_input-1);
- subim_label = im_label(x+padding : x+padding+size_label-1, y+padding : y+padding+size_label-1);
-
- count = count + 1;
- data(:, :, 1, count) = subim_input;
- label(:, :, 1, count) = subim_label;
- end
- end
-
- end
-
- %% randomized the data and label
- order = randperm(count);
- data = data(:, :, 1, order);
- label = label(:, :, 1, order);
-
- %% writing to HDF5
- chunksz = 128;
- created_flag = false;
- totalct = 0;
-
- for batchno = 1:floor(count/chunksz)
- last_read=(batchno-1)*chunksz;
- batchdata = data(:,:,1,last_read+1:last_read+chunksz);
- batchlabs = label(:,:,1,last_read+1:last_read+chunksz);
-
- startloc = struct('dat',[1,1,1,totalct+1], 'lab', [1,1,1,totalct+1]);
- curr_dat_sz = store2hdf5(savepath, batchdata, batchlabs, ~created_flag, startloc, chunksz);
- created_flag = true;
- totalct = curr_dat_sz(end);
- end
- h5disp(savepath);
终端下输入:
$ matlab -nodesktop -nosplash -logfile generate_train.log -r generate_train
产生训练数据train.h5。
3.)产生测试数据
$ vim generate_test.m
generate_test.m只需要将generate_test.m文件开头改为:
- clear;close all;
-
- %% settings
- folder_input = 'TestPhotos';
- folder_label = 'TestLabels';
- savepath = 'test.h5';
- size_input = 11;
- size_label = 3;
- stride = 30;
将最后一段改成:
- %% writing to HDF5
- chunksz = 2;
- created_flag = false;
- totalct = 0;
-
- for batchno = 1:floor(count/chunksz)
- last_read=(batchno-1)*chunksz;
- batchdata = data(:,:,1,last_read+1:last_read+chunksz);
- batchlabs = label(:,:,1,last_read+1:last_read+chunksz);
-
- startloc = struct('dat',[1,1,1,totalct+1], 'lab', [1,1,1,totalct+1]);
- curr_dat_sz = store2hdf5(savepath, batchdata, batchlabs, ~created_flag, startloc, chunksz);
- created_flag = true;
- totalct = curr_dat_sz(end);
- end
- h5disp(savepath);
终端下输入:
$ matlab -nodesktop -nosplash -logfile generate_test.log -r generate_test
产生测试数据test.h5。仅仅用于判断训练到达什么地步。
4.建立训练文件
1.)建立solver文件
$ vim CNN_solver.prototxt
此为运行的配置文件,输入以下内容:
- # The train/test net protocol buffer definition
- net: "examples/CNN/CNN_net.prototxt"
- test_iter: 556
- # Carry out testing every 500 training iterations.
- test_interval: 500
- # The base learning rate, momentum and the weight decay of the network.
- base_lr: 0.0001
- momentum: 0.9
- weight_decay: 0
- # The learning rate policy
- lr_policy: "fixed"
- # Display every 100 iterations
- display: 100
- # The maximum number of iterations
- max_iter: 15000000
- # snapshot intermediate results
- snapshot: 500
- snapshot_prefix: "examples/CNN/snapshot/CNN"
- # solver mode: CPU or GPU
- solver_mode: GPU
:wq保存退出。
2.)建立net文件
$ vim CNN_net.prototxt
此为网络结构配置文件,可以配置网络层数,节点数,卷积核等参数。输入以下内容:
:wq保存退出。
5.CNN训练
$ vim train.sh
输入以下shell:
#!/bin/bash
cd ../../
./build/tools/caffe train --solver examples/CNN/CNN_solver.prototxt 2>&1 | tee examples/CNN/CNN.log
增加运行权限:
$ chmod +x train.sh
运行脚本文件:
$ ./train.sh
时间可能会运行几天,也可以提前退出(Ctrl+C),因为在snapshot中有中间备份存储。
6.保存滤波器
1.)创建mat文件
$ cp CNN_net.prototxt CNN_mat.prototxt
将CNN_mat.prototxt文件开头两个layer段改为:
- name: "CNN"
- input: "data"
- input_dim: 1
- input_dim: 1
- input_dim: 11
- input_dim: 11
-
- input: "label"
- input_dim: 1
- input_dim: 1
- input_dim: 3
- input_dim: 3
:wq保存即可。
2.)创建M文件
$ vim saveFilters.m
输入以下内容:(第7行可以更改需要转换的caffemodel文件名)
- caffe.reset_all();
- clear; close all;
- %% settings
- %folder = 'examples/CNN/';
- folder = './';
- model = [folder 'CNN_mat.prototxt'];
- weights = [folder 'snapshot/CNN_iter_550000.caffemodel'];
- savepath = [folder 'model/x.mat'];
- layers = 3;
-
- %% load model using mat_caffe
- net = caffe.Net(model,weights,'test');
-
- %% reshap parameters
- weights_conv = cell(layers,1);
-
- for idx = 1 : layers
- conv_filters = net.layers(['conv' num2str(idx)]).params(1).get_data();
- [~,fsize,channel,fnum] = size(conv_filters);
-
- if channel == 1
- weights = double(ones(fsize^2, fnum));
- else
- weights = double(ones(channel, fsize^2, fnum));
- end
-
- for i = 1 : channel
- for j = 1 : fnum
- temp = conv_filters(:,:,i,j);
- if channel == 1
- weights(:,j) = temp(:);
- else
- weights(i,:,j) = temp(:);
- end
- end
- end
-
- weights_conv{idx} = weights;
- end
-
- %% save parameters
- weights_conv1 = weights_conv{1};
- weights_conv2 = weights_conv{2};
- weights_conv3 = weights_conv{3};
- biases_conv1 = double(net.layers('conv1').params(2).get_data());
- biases_conv2 = double(net.layers('conv2').params(2).get_data());
- biases_conv3 = double(net.layers('conv3').params(2).get_data());
-
- save(savepath,'weights_conv1','biases_conv1','weights_conv2','biases_conv2','weights_conv3','biases_conv3');
:wq保存。
3.)运行M文件
$ matlab -nodesktop -nosplash -logfile saveFilters.log -r saveFilters
此时,在model中会生成x.mat文件。
7.CNN重构
已经知道了x.mat文件中,有三层卷积层的卷积核矩阵weights_conv*和偏置向量biases_conv*。
编写一个demo_net.m文件,使用这些参数构建卷积网络结构,对输入图像(矩阵)进行处理,即可得到结果。
不同应用有不同的源码,这里省略该文件源码。