【OpenGL】Shader实例分析（二）－ Heart

转发请保持地址：http://blog.csdn.net/stalendp/article/details/22221597

这片文章将介绍怎么用Shader来绘制一个跳动的心脏。这里会涉及到一些数学知识。先看效果图：

源代码如下：

// Created by inigo quilez - iq/2013
// License Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
// changed by [email protected]
Shader "shadertoy/Heart" {  // see https://www.shadertoy.com/view/XsfGRn
	CGINCLUDE    
  
        #include "UnityCG.cginc"                
        #pragma target 3.0    
        struct vertOut {    
            float4 pos:SV_POSITION;    
            float4 srcPos;   
        };  
  
        vertOut vert(appdata_base v) {  
            vertOut o;  
            o.pos = mul (UNITY_MATRIX_MVP, v.vertex);  
            return o;  
        }  
  
        fixed4 frag(float4 sp:WPOS) : COLOR0 {  
			float2 p = (2.0*sp.xy - _ScreenParams.xy) / min(_ScreenParams.y, _ScreenParams.x);
			p.y -= 0.25;
			
			//background color
			float3 bcol = float3(1.0,0.8,0.7-0.07*p.y) * (1.0 - 0.25*length(p));
			
			// animate
			float tt = fmod(_Time.y, 1.5)/1.5;
			float ss = pow(tt,.2) * 0.5 + 0.5;
			ss -= ss*0.2*sin(tt*6.2831*3.0)*exp(-tt*4.0);
			p *= float2(0.5, 1.5) + ss * float2(0.5, -0.5);
			
		    // shape
		    float a = atan2(p.x,p.y)/3.141593;
		    float r = length(p);
		    float h = abs(a);
		    float d = (13.0*h - 22.0*h*h + 10.0*h*h*h)/(6.0-5.0*h);

			// color
			float s = 1.0-0.5*clamp(r/d,0.0,1.0);
			s = 0.75 + 0.75*p.x;
			s *= 1.0-0.25*r;
			s = 0.5 + 0.6*s;
			s *= 0.5+0.5*pow( 1.0-clamp(r/d, 0.0, 1.0 ), 0.1 );
			float3 hcol = float3(1.0,0.5*r,0.3)*s;
			
		    float3 col = lerp( bcol, hcol, smoothstep( -0.01, 0.01, d-r) );

		    return float4(col,1.0);
        }  
  
    ENDCG    
  
    SubShader {    
        Pass {    
            CGPROGRAM    
  
            #pragma vertex vert    
            #pragma fragment frag    
            #pragma fragmentoption ARB_precision_hint_fastest     
  
            ENDCG    
        }    
  
    }     
    FallBack Off  
}

网上有很多关于心形的绘制方法，这里介绍一种。

1. 心形画法的原理

float a = atan2(p.y,p.x)/3.1415;

atan2(p.y,p.x)求的是向量(x,y)所对应的角度。求得的是弧度制的值，除以pi后得到的范围是［0，1］；

所以上面的函数就是求得平面上的坐标点所对应向量的角度（被映射到［