启动文件注释

启动文件是由汇编编写的，是系统上电复位后运行的第一个程序

启动文件会有一个运行顺序

1，建立栈

2，建立堆

3，初始化中断向量表

4，配置系统时钟

5，调用C库函数 _main初始化用户堆栈，最终进入到main函数

1，栈建立

Stack_Size      EQU     0x00000400								;1KB

；EQC宏定义的伪指令，相当于C语言的define

                AREA    STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3		;分配1KB内存空间，以8字节对其，不初始化，可读可写
Stack_Mem       SPACE   Stack_Size					;
__initial_sp
                                                  
; <h> Heap Configuration							;堆的配置，主要用于动态内存的分配，malloc()
;   <o>  Heap Size (in Bytes) <0x0-0xFFFFFFFF:8>		
; </h>

2，堆

Heap_Size       EQU     0x00000200								;512字节		堆

                AREA    HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3
__heap_base
Heap_Mem        SPACE   Heap_Size
__heap_limit

                PRESERVE8			;当前堆栈以8字节对其				
                THUMB				;表示后面兼容THUMB

3，中断向量表

;初始化中断服务向量表	地址固定在硬件内以经写好 内核中断（优先级固定）和外设中断 
; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset
                AREA    RESET, DATA, READONLY				;汇编一个数据段叫RESET 数据段date 属性可读
                EXPORT  __Vectors							;声明这三个编号具有全局属性可以供外部的文件使用
                EXPORT  __Vectors_End						
                EXPORT  __Vectors_Size

__Vectors       DCD     __initial_sp               ; Top of Stack		;DCD分配一个或多个以字为单位的内存
                DCD     Reset_Handler              ; Reset Handler		;以四字节对齐，并要求初始化这些内存
                DCD     NMI_Handler                ; NMI Handler
                DCD     HardFault_Handler          ; Hard Fault Handler
                DCD     MemManage_Handler          ; MPU Fault Handler
                DCD     BusFault_Handler           ; Bus Fault Handler
                DCD     UsageFault_Handler         ; Usage Fault Handler
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     SVC_Handler                ; SVCall Handler
                DCD     DebugMon_Handler           ; Debug Monitor Handler
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     PendSV_Handler             ; PendSV Handler
                DCD     SysTick_Handler            ; SysTick Handler

                ; External Interrupts
                DCD     WWDG_IRQHandler            ; Window Watchdog
                DCD     PVD_IRQHandler             ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
                DCD     TAMPER_IRQHandler          ; Tamper
                DCD     RTC_IRQHandler             ; RTC
                DCD     FLASH_IRQHandler           ; Flash
                DCD     RCC_IRQHandler             ; RCC
                DCD     EXTI0_IRQHandler           ; EXTI Line 0
                DCD     EXTI1_IRQHandler           ; EXTI Line 1
                DCD     EXTI2_IRQHandler           ; EXTI Line 2
                DCD     EXTI3_IRQHandler           ; EXTI Line 3
                DCD     EXTI4_IRQHandler           ; EXTI Line 4
                DCD     DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 1
                DCD     DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 2
                DCD     DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 3
                DCD     DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 4
                DCD     DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 5
                DCD     DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 6
                DCD     DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler   ; DMA1 Channel 7
                DCD     ADC1_2_IRQHandler          ; ADC1 & ADC2
                DCD     USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler  ; USB High Priority or CAN1 TX
                DCD     USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low  Priority or CAN1 RX0
                DCD     CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler        ; CAN1 RX1
                DCD     CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler        ; CAN1 SCE
                DCD     EXTI9_5_IRQHandler         ; EXTI Line 9..5
                DCD     TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler        ; TIM1 Break
                DCD     TIM1_UP_IRQHandler         ; TIM1 Update
                DCD     TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler    ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
                DCD     TIM1_CC_IRQHandler         ; TIM1 Capture Compare
                DCD     TIM2_IRQHandler            ; TIM2
                DCD     TIM3_IRQHandler            ; TIM3
                DCD     TIM4_IRQHandler            ; TIM4
                DCD     I2C1_EV_IRQHandler         ; I2C1 Event
                DCD     I2C1_ER_IRQHandler         ; I2C1 Error
                DCD     I2C2_EV_IRQHandler         ; I2C2 Event
                DCD     I2C2_ER_IRQHandler         ; I2C2 Error
                DCD     SPI1_IRQHandler            ; SPI1
                DCD     SPI2_IRQHandler            ; SPI2
                DCD     USART1_IRQHandler          ; USART1
                DCD     USART2_IRQHandler          ; USART2
                DCD     USART3_IRQHandler          ; USART3
                DCD     EXTI15_10_IRQHandler       ; EXTI Line 15..10
                DCD     RTCAlarm_IRQHandler        ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
                DCD     USBWakeUp_IRQHandler       ; USB Wakeup from suspend
                DCD     TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler        ; TIM8 Break
                DCD     TIM8_UP_IRQHandler         ; TIM8 Update
                DCD     TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler    ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation
                DCD     TIM8_CC_IRQHandler         ; TIM8 Capture Compare
                DCD     ADC3_IRQHandler            ; ADC3
                DCD     FSMC_IRQHandler            ; FSMC
                DCD     SDIO_IRQHandler            ; SDIO
                DCD     TIM5_IRQHandler            ; TIM5
                DCD     SPI3_IRQHandler            ; SPI3
                DCD     UART4_IRQHandler           ; UART4
                DCD     UART5_IRQHandler           ; UART5
                DCD     TIM6_IRQHandler            ; TIM6
                DCD     TIM7_IRQHandler            ; TIM7
                DCD     DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler   ; DMA2 Channel1
                DCD     DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler   ; DMA2 Channel2
                DCD     DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler   ; DMA2 Channel3
                DCD     DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 & Channel5
__Vectors_End

__Vectors_Size  EQU  __Vectors_End - __Vectors				;s算出向量表大小

4，配置系统时钟

; Reset handler
Reset_Handler   PROC										;定义子程序，与ENDP成对使用，表示子程序的结束
                EXPORT  Reset_Handler             [WEAK]	;weak 弱定义;INPORT 相当于 C语言extern			__main由库函数带的
                IMPORT  __main								;系统时钟配置函数
                IMPORT  SystemInit							
                LDR     R0, =SystemInit						;用LDR将SystenInit加载到R0寄存器中
                BLX     R0               					;跳转到R0执行			BLX执行完返回
                LDR     R0, =__main							;初始化堆栈 然后到main函数
                BX      R0									;	BX	执行完不用返回
                ENDP

6，调用C库函数_main初始化用户堆栈

;6- 堆栈的初始化，这个是由C的库函数_main来实现的

;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
                 IF      :DEF:__MICROLIB			;在IDE（keil）里面定义，据我所知重定向的时候好像会用到
                
                 EXPORT  __initial_sp				
                 EXPORT  __heap_base
                 EXPORT  __heap_limit
                
                 ELSE
                
                 IMPORT  __use_two_region_memory		;由用户自己实现
                 EXPORT  __user_initial_stackheap		;
                 
__user_initial_stackheap

                 LDR     R0, =  Heap_Mem
                 LDR     R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)				;将堆栈什么的加载到寄存器，R0，R1...R15，加载到暂存寄存器，
                 LDR     R2, = (Heap_Mem +  Heap_Size)
                 LDR     R3, = Stack_Mem
                 BX      LR

                 ALIGN

                 ENDIF

                 END

;******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE*****