用户账户
让用户能够输入数据
添加新主题和添加新条目
forms.py
from django import forms
from .models import Topic, Entry
class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Topic
fields = ['text']
labels = {'text': ''}
class EntryForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Entry
fields =['text']
labels = {'text': ''}
widgets = {'text': forms.Textarea(attrs={'cols':80})}
URL模式new_topic和new_entry
urls.py
"""定义learning_logs的URL模式"""
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'learning_logs'
urlpatterns = [
# 主页
path('', views.index, name='index'),
# 显示所有的主题
path('topics/', views.topics, name='topics'),
# 特定主题的详细页面
path('topics/<int:topic_id>/', views.topic, name='topic'),
# 用于添加新主题的网页
path('new_topic/', views.new_topic, name='new_topic'),
# 用于添加新条目的页面
path('new_entry/<int:topic_id>/', views.new_entry, name='new_entry'),
# 用于编辑条目的页面
path('edit_entry/<int:entry_id>/', views.edit_entry, name='edit_entry'),
]
视图函数new_topic()和new_entry()
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Topic, Entry
from .forms import TopicForm, EntryForm
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
"""学习笔记的主页"""
return render(request, 'learning_logs/index.html')
def topics(request):
"""显示所有的主题"""
topics = Topic.objects.order_by('date_added')
context = {'topics':topics}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/topics.html', context)
def topic(request, topic_id):
"""显示单个主题及其所有的条目"""
topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
entries = topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')
context = {'topic': topic, 'entries': entries}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/topic.html', context)
def new_topic(request):
"""添加新主题"""
if request.method != 'POST':
form = TopicForm()
else:
form = TopicForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topics'))
context = {'form': form}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/new_topic.html', context)
def new_entry(request, topic_id):
"""在特定的主题中添加新条目"""
topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
if request.method != 'POST':
# 未提交数据,创建一个空表单
form = EntryForm()
else:
# POST提交的数据,对数据进行处理
form = EntryForm(data=request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
new_entry = form.save(commit=False)
new_entry.topic = topic
new_entry.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topic',args=[topic_id]))
context = {'topic': topic, 'form': form}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/new_entry.html', context)
def edit_entry(request, entry_id):
"""编辑既有条目"""
entry = Entry.objects.get(id=entry_id)
topic = entry.topic
if request.method != 'POST':
# 初次请求,使用当前条目填充表单
form = EntryForm(instance=entry)
else:
# POST提交的数据,对数据进行处理
form = EntryForm(instance=entry, data=request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topic',args=[topic.id]))
context = {'entry': entry, 'topic': topic, 'form':form}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/edit_entry.html', context)
模板new_topic
new_topic.html
{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<p>Add a new topic</p>
<form action="{% url 'learning_logs:new_topic' %}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
{{form.as_p}}
<button name="submit">add topic</button>
</form>
{% endblock content %}
模板new_entry
new_entry.html
{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<p><a href="{% url 'learning_logs:topic' topic.id %}">{{topic}}</a></p>
<p>Add a new entry:</p>
<form action="{% url 'learning_logs:new_entry' topic.id %}" method='POST'>
{% csrf_token %}
{{form.as_p}}
<button name="submit">add entry</button>
</form>
{% endblock content %}
在topics.html页面增加添加新主题的链接
{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<p>Topics</p>
<ul>
{% for topic in topics %}
<li>
<a href="{% url 'learning_logs:topic' topic.id %}">{{topic}}</a>
</li>
{% empty %}
<li>No topics have been added yet.</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<a href="{% url 'learning_logs:new_topic' %}">Add a new topic:</a>
{% endblock content %}
在topic.html页面中增加添加新技术条目的链接
{% extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %}
{% block content %}
<p>Topic:{{topic}}</p>
<p>Entries:</p>
<p>
<a href="{% url 'learning_logs:new_entry' topic.id %}">add new entry</a>
</p>
<ul>
{% for entry in entries %}
<li>
<p>{{entry.date_added|date:'M d, Y H:i'}}</p>
<p>{{entry.text|linebreaks}}</p>
<p>
<a href="{% url 'learning_logs:edit_entry' entry.id %}">edit entry</a>
</p>
</li>
{% empty %}
<li>
There are no entries for this topic yet.
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock content %}
编辑条目
URL模式edit_entry
urls.py
"""定义learning_logs的URL模式"""
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'learning_logs'
urlpatterns = [
# 主页
path('', views.index, name='index'),
# 显示所有的主题
path('topics/', views.topics, name='topics'),
# 特定主题的详细页面
path('topics/<int:topic_id>/', views.topic, name='topic'),
# 用于添加新主题的网页
path('new_topic/', views.new_topic, name='new_topic'),
# 用于添加新条目的页面
path('new_entry/<int:topic_id>/', views.new_entry, name='new_entry'),
# 用于编辑条目的页面
path('edit_entry/<int:entry_id>/', views.edit_entry, name='edit_entry'),
]
视图函数edit_entry()
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Topic, Entry
from .forms import TopicForm, EntryForm
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
"""学习笔记的主页"""
return render(request, 'learning_logs/index.html')
def topics(request):
"""显示所有的主题"""
topics = Topic.objects.order_by('date_added')
context = {'topics':topics}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/topics.html', context)
def topic(request, topic_id):
"""显示单个主题及其所有的条目"""
topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
entries = topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')
context = {'topic': topic, 'entries': entries}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/topic.html', context)
def new_topic(request):
"""添加新主题"""
if request.method != 'POST':
form = TopicForm()
else:
form = TopicForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topics'))
context = {'form': form}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/new_topic.html', context)
def new_entry(request, topic_id):
"""在特定的主题中添加新条目"""
topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
if request.method != 'POST':
# 未提交数据,创建一个空表单
form = EntryForm()
else:
# POST提交的数据,对数据进行处理
form = EntryForm(data=request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
new_entry = form.save(commit=False)
new_entry.topic = topic
new_entry.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topic',args=[topic_id]))
context = {'topic': topic, 'form': form}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/new_entry.html', context)
def edit_entry(request, entry_id):
"""编辑既有条目"""
entry = Entry.objects.get(id=entry_id)
topic = entry.topic
if request.method != 'POST':
# 初次请求,使用当前条目填充表单
form = EntryForm(instance=entry)
else:
# POST提交的数据,对数据进行处理
form = EntryForm(instance=entry, data=request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topic',args=[topic.id]))
context = {'entry': entry, 'topic': topic, 'form':form}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/edit_entry.html', context)
模板edit_entry
edit_entry.html
{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<p><a href="{% url 'learning_logs:topic' topic.id %}">{{topic}}</a></p>
<p>Edit entry:</p>
<form action="{% url 'learning_logs:edit_entry' entry.id %}" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
{{form.as_p}}
<button name="submit">save changes</button>
</form>
{% endblock content %}
在topic.html页面添加编辑条目的链接
{% extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %}
{% block content %}
<p>Topic:{{topic}}</p>
<p>Entries:</p>
<p>
<a href="{% url 'learning_logs:new_entry' topic.id %}">add new entry</a>
</p>
<ul>
{% for entry in entries %}
<li>
<p>{{entry.date_added|date:'M d, Y H:i'}}</p>
<p>{{entry.text|linebreaks}}</p>
<p>
<a href="{% url 'learning_logs:edit_entry' entry.id %}">edit entry</a>
</p>
</li>
{% empty %}
<li>
There are no entries for this topic yet.
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock content %}
小结:
这一部分涉及的内容,通过表单form添加主题、添加条目和编辑条目。