Learning Log项目学习笔记之三

创建用户账户

创建users的应用程序

python manage.py startapp users

将应用程序users添加到settings.py中

settings.py

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    # 我的应用程序
    'learning_logs',
    'users',
]

包含应用程序users的URL

learning_log\learning_log\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', include('learning_logs.urls',namespace='learning_logs')),
    path('users/', include('users.urls',namespace='users')),
]

登录页面、注销页面和注册页面

在learning_log\users\新建urls.py

"""为应用程序users定义URL模式"""
from django.urls import path
from django.contrib.auth.views import LoginView
from . import views

app_name = 'users'
LoginView.template_name = 'users/login.html'

urlpatterns = [
    # 登录页面
    path('login/',LoginView.as_view(),name='login'),
    # 注销
    path('logout/',views.logout_view,name='logout'),
    # 注册页面
    path('register/',views.register,name='register'),
]

模板login.html

在目录learning_log\users\中创建templates文件夹\创建users文件夹，创建login.html

learning_log\users\templates\users\login.html

{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}

{% block content %}
    {% if form.errors %}
        <p>Your username and password didn't match. Please try again.</p>
    {% endif %}

    <form method="post" action="{% url 'users:login' %}">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}
        <button name="submit">log in</button>
        <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{% url 'learning_logs:index' %}" />
    </form>

{% endblock content %}

链接到登录、注销、注册页面，修改base.html

learning_log\learning_logs\templates\learning_logs\base.html

<p>
    <a href="{% url 'learning_logs:index' %}">Learning Log</a> -
    <a href="{% url 'learning_logs:topics' %}">Topics</a> -
    {% if user.is_authenticated %}
        Hello, {{user.username}}.
        <a href="{% url 'users:logout' %}">log out</a>
    {% else %}
        <a href="{% url 'users:register' %}">register</a>
        <a href="{% url 'users:login' %}">log in</a>
    {% endif %}
</p>

{% block content %}{% endblock content %}

learning_log\users\views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.urls import reverse
from django.contrib.auth import logout,login,authenticate
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm

def logout_view(request):
    """注销用户"""
    logout(request)
    return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:index'))

def register(request):
    """注册新用户"""
    if request.method != 'POST':
        # 显示空的注册表单
        form = UserCreationForm()
    else:
        # 处理填写好的表单
        form = UserCreationForm(data=request.POST)

        if form.is_valid():
            new_user = form.save()
            # 让用户自动登录，再重定向到主页
            authenticated_user = authenticate(username=new_user.username,password=request.POST['password1'])
            login(request, authenticated_user)
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:index'))
    
    context = {'form': form}
    return render(request, 'users/register.html', context)

注册模板

register.html

{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}

{% block content %}
    <form method="post" action="{% url 'users:register' %}">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{form.as_p}}

        <button name="submit">register</button>
        <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{% url 'learning_logs:index' %}" />
    </form>

{% endblock content %}