unity实现人物移动的所有方法

Unity提供了多种实现人物移动的方法，每种方法适用于不同的场景和需求。以下是主要的实现方式：

1. 基础Transform移动

// 简单移动
void Update() {
    transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * speed * Time.deltaTime);
}

// 带输入的移动
void Update() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    Vector3 movement = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical) * speed * Time.deltaTime;
    transform.Translate(movement);
}

2. 角色控制器(CharacterController)

public CharacterController controller;
public float speed = 6f;

void Update() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    Vector3 move = transform.right * horizontal + transform.forward * vertical;
    controller.Move(move * speed * Time.deltaTime);
    
    // 重力处理
    if(!controller.isGrounded) {
        controller.Move(Vector3.down * gravity * Time.deltaTime);
    }
}

3. 物理系统(Rigidbody)移动
直接力应用

public Rigidbody rb;
public float forceAmount = 10f;

void FixedUpdate() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    Vector3 force = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical) * forceAmount;
    rb.AddForce(force);
}

速度控制

public Rigidbody rb;
public float speed = 5f;

void FixedUpdate() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    Vector3 movement = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical) * speed;
    rb.velocity = movement;
}

移动位置(MovePosition)

public Rigidbody rb;
public float speed = 5f;

void FixedUpdate() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    Vector3 movement = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical) * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;
    rb.MovePosition(rb.position + movement);
}

4. 导航系统(NavMesh)
基本导航

public NavMeshAgent agent;
public Transform target;

void Start() {
    agent.SetDestination(target.position);
}

// 动态更新目标
void Update() {
    if(Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0)) {
        Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);
        RaycastHit hit;
        
        if(Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit)) {
            agent.SetDestination(hit.point);
        }
    }
}

自定义导航移动

public NavMeshAgent agent;
public float speed = 5f;

void Update() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    Vector3 movement = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical) * speed * Time.deltaTime;
    agent.Move(movement);
}

5. 动画系统驱动移动
根运动(Root Motion)

public Animator animator;

void Update() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    animator.SetFloat("Horizontal", horizontal);
    animator.SetFloat("Vertical", vertical);
    
    // 确保Animator组件上勾选了Apply Root Motion
}

6. 混合方法
角色控制器+物理

public CharacterController controller;
public float speed = 6f;
public float jumpForce = 8f;
private Vector3 playerVelocity;
private bool groundedPlayer;

void Update() {
    groundedPlayer = controller.isGrounded;
    if(groundedPlayer && playerVelocity.y < 0) {
        playerVelocity.y = 0f;
    }
    
    Vector3 move = new Vector3(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"), 0, Input.GetAxis("Vertical"));
    controller.Move(move * Time.deltaTime * speed);
    
    if(move != Vector3.zero) {
        transform.forward = move;
    }
    
    // 跳跃
    if(Input.GetButtonDown("Jump") && groundedPlayer) {
        playerVelocity.y += Mathf.Sqrt(jumpForce * -3.0f * Physics.gravity.y);
    }
    
    playerVelocity.y += Physics.gravity.y * Time.deltaTime;
    controller.Move(playerVelocity * Time.deltaTime);
}

7. 高级移动技术
第三人称摄像机跟随移动

public Transform cameraTransform;
public float speed = 5f;
public float turnSmoothTime = 0.1f;
private float turnSmoothVelocity;

void Update() {
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    Vector3 direction = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical).normalized;
    
    if(direction.magnitude >= 0.1f) {
        float targetAngle = Mathf.Atan2(direction.x, direction.z) * Mathf.Rad2Deg + cameraTransform.eulerAngles.y;
        float angle = Mathf.SmoothDampAngle(transform.eulerAngles.y, targetAngle, ref turnSmoothVelocity, turnSmoothTime);
        transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0f, angle, 0f);
        
        Vector3 moveDir = Quaternion.Euler(0f, targetAngle, 0f) * Vector3.forward;
        controller.Move(moveDir.normalized * speed * Time.deltaTime);
    }
}

第一人称移动

public float speed = 5f;
public float mouseSensitivity = 100f;
private float xRotation = 0f;

void Update() {
    // 鼠标控制视角
    float mouseX = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * mouseSensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
    float mouseY = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * mouseSensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
    
    xRotation -= mouseY;
    xRotation = Mathf.Clamp(xRotation, -90f, 90f);
    
    Camera.main.transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(xRotation, 0f, 0f);
    transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * mouseX);
    
    // 键盘控制移动
    float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    
    Vector3 movement = transform.right * horizontal + transform.forward * vertical;
    controller.Move(movement * speed * Time.deltaTime);
}

选择建议
简单原型/2D游戏：Transform移动或Rigidbody

第一人称/第三人称角色：CharacterController

物理模拟游戏：Rigidbody

AI导航：NavMeshAgent

动画驱动角色：Animator Root Motion

需要精确碰撞检测：CharacterController或Rigidbody

每种方法都有其优缺点，选择时应考虑游戏类型、性能需求、物理精度要求和开发复杂度等因素