MCU常用代码片段：数据缓冲、整形转单精度、定点数转单精度浮点型、CRC 校验和计算、位操作、hex转bcd 、求字符串长度、内存拷贝

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-25 12:06:41 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-25 12:06:41 发布

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}

/* EOF. */

#ifndef RBUF_H
#define RBUF_H

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

/*!

@brief Define structure for Ring Buffer’s handler.
The Ring Buffer is origanized as FIFO based on a array of static memory.
/
typedef struct
{
uint32_t buff_size; /!< Keep the available count of byte in buffer’s array /
uint8_t buff_mem; /!< Keep the first pointer to the buffer’s array. This pointer is used to handler the memory. /
uint32_t read_idx; /!< Keep the index of item in static array for FIFO’s read pointer. /
uint32_t write_idx; /!< Keep the index of item in static array for FIFO’s write pointer. /
uint32_t count; /!< Record the current count of used item in the FIFO ./
} rbuf_handler_t;

/*!

@brief Initialize the ring buffer.
This function fills the allocated static memory into ring buffer’s handle structure, and fills the
read and write pointers with initial value.
@param [out] handler Pointer to a empty ring buffer handle to be filled. See to #rbuf_handler_t.
@param [in] mem Pointer to allocated static memory.
@param [in] size Count of memory size in byte.
*/
void rbuf_init(rbuf_handler_t *handler, uint8_t *mem, uint32_t size);

/*!

@brief Reset or Clean the ring buffer.
This function clear all the items in the fifo. Actually, it just resets the write index, read
index and the item count, then all the old data would be unavailable, while the new data would
cover them.
@param [in] handler Pointer to a ring buffer handle to be clean. See to #rbuf_handler_t.
*/
void rbuf_reset(rbuf_handler_t *handler);

/*!

@brief Check if the buffer is empty.
@param [in] handler Pointer to an available handler to be operated.
@retval true The buffer is empty.
@retval false The buffer is not empty.
*/
bool rbuf_is_empty(rbuf_handler_t *handler);

/*!

@brief Check if the buffer is full.
@param [in] handler Pointer to an available handler to be operated.
@retval true The buffer is full.
@retval false The buffer is not full.
*/
bool rbuf_is_full(rbuf_handler_t *handler);

/*!

@brief Put data into buffer.
@param [in] handler Pointer to an available handler to be operated.
@param [in] dat The data to be put into buffer.
*/
void rbuf_input(rbuf_handler_t *handler, uint8_t dat);

/*!

@brief Get out data from the buffer.
@param [in] handler Pointer to an available handler to be operated.
@retval The data from the buffer.
*/
uint8_t rbuf_output(rbuf_handler_t *handler);

#endif /* RBUF_H */


### 2、整形转单精度

float uint32_to_float (uint32_t num)
{
float temp;
if (num >= (1 << 23))
{
temp = -(float)(((1 << 24) - num) / (float)(1 << 17));
} else
{
temp = (float)(num / (float)(1 << 17));
}
return temp;
}


例如，读取到的值为0x030000，转换为单精度类型即为1.50000。 


### 3、定点数转单精度浮点型

static float __uint16_to_float (uint32_t num)
{
float temp;
if (num >= (1 << 15))
{
temp = -(float)(((1 << 16) - num) / (float)(1 << 8));
} else
{
temp = (float)(num / (float)(1 << 8));
}
return temp;
}


### 4、CRC 校验和计算参考程序（X^{8}+X^{2}+X+1）

static uint8_t compute_crc8(uint8_t *data,uint8_t data_size)
{
uint8_t i;
uint8_t crc = 0;
while (data_size)
{
for (i = 0x80; i != 0; i >>= 1)
{
if (((crc & 0x80) != 0) != ((*data & i) != 0))
{
crc <<= 1;
crc ^= 0x07;
} else
{
crc <<= 1;
}
}
data++;
data_size–;
}
return crc;
}


### 5、位操作


##### Ⅰ、寄存器的第n位置1；其他位保持不变，可以使用 |= 操作符

NUM |= (1 << n);


##### Ⅱ、寄存器的第n位置0；其他位保持不变，可以使用 &= 操作符

NUM &= ~(1 << n);


##### Ⅲ、寄存器的第m位到第n位(m>=n)置1；其他位保持不变

NUM |= (((1 << (m - n + 1)) - 1) << n);


##### Ⅳ、寄存器中的第m位到第n位(m>=n)置0；其他位保持不变

NUM &= ~(((1 << (m - n + 1)) - 1) << n);


##### Ⅴ、寄存器中的第n位取反；其他位保持不变

NUM = NUM ^ (1 << n);


##### Ⅵ、判断寄存器中的第n位是否为0或1

if((NUM &(1<<n)) >= 1)
{
return 1;
}else
{
return 0;
}


##### Ⅶ、汇总

#include <stdio.h>
void printf_8bin(unsigned char num)
{
for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i–)
{
if (num & (1 << i))
{
printf(“1”);
}
else
{
printf(“0”);
}
}
printf(“\r\n”);
}

int main(void) {
int n=3,m=6;
unsigned char NUM=0xF0;
printf(“寄存器0x%x的二进制:”,NUM);
printf_8bin(NUM);

NUM |= (1 << n);
printf("寄存器的第%d位置1；其他位保持不变，可以使用 |= 操作符:",n);
printf_8bin(NUM);

NUM &= ~(1 << n);
printf("寄存器的第%d位置0；其他位保持不变，可以使用 &= 操作符:",n);
printf_8bin(NUM);

NUM |= (((1 << (m - n + 1)) - 1) << n);
printf("寄存器的第%d位到第%d位(m>=n)置1；其他位保持不变:",m,n);
printf_8bin(NUM);

NUM &= ~(((1 << (m - n + 1)) - 1) << n);
printf("寄存器的第%d位到第%d位(m>=n)置0；其他位保持不变:",m,n);
printf_8bin(NUM);

NUM = NUM ^ (1 << n);
printf("寄存器中的第%d位取反；其他位保持不变:",n);
printf_8bin(NUM);

if((NUM &(1<<n)) >= 1)
{
    printf("判断寄存器中的第%d位是%d\n",n,1);
}else {
    printf("判断寄存器中的第%d位是%d\n",n,0);
}

return 0;

}


开始运行...


寄存器0xf0的二进制:11110000  
 寄存器的第3位置1；其他位保持不变，可以使用 |= 操作符:11111000  
 寄存器的第3位置0；其他位保持不变，可以使用 &= 操作符:11110000  
 寄存器的第6位到第3位(m>=n)置1；其他位保持不变:11111000  
 寄存器的第6位到第3位(m>=n)置0；其他位保持不变:10000000  
 寄存器中的第3位取反；其他位保持不变:10001000  
 判断寄存器中的第3位是1


运行结束。


### 6、hex转bcd

unsigned char hex_to_bcd(unsigned char Value_H,unsigned char Value_L)
{
unsigned char bcd_value;

if((Value_H >= '0') && (Value_H <= '9'))
    Value_H -= '0';
else if((Value_H >= 'A') && (Value_H <= 'F'))
    Value_H = Value_H - 'A' + 10;
else if((Value_H >= 'a') && (Value_H <= 'f'))
    Value_H = Value_H - 'a' + 10;
 
bcd_value = Value_H & 0x0f;

bcd_value <<= 4;
if((Value_L >= '0') && (Value_L <= '9'))
    Value_L -= '0';
else if((Value_L >= 'A') && (Value_L <= 'F'))