The training set is a subset of the data set used to train a model.
x_train is the training data set.
y_train is the set of labels to all the data in x_train.
The test set is a subset of the data set that you use to test your model after the model has gone through initial vetting by the validation set.
x_test is the test data set.
y_test is the set of labels to all the data in x_test.